Podcast
Questions and Answers
The ______ circuit carries blood to and from the lungs, facilitating gas exchange.
The ______ circuit carries blood to and from the lungs, facilitating gas exchange.
pulmonary
The systemic circuit delivers blood to the ______ throughout the body, supplying them with oxygen and nutrients.
The systemic circuit delivers blood to the ______ throughout the body, supplying them with oxygen and nutrients.
tissues
[Blank] carry blood away from the heart, distributing oxygenated blood to the body's tissues.
[Blank] carry blood away from the heart, distributing oxygenated blood to the body's tissues.
arteries
[Blank] carry blood towards the heart, returning deoxygenated blood from the body’s tissues.
[Blank] carry blood towards the heart, returning deoxygenated blood from the body’s tissues.
The heart has two receiving chambers called ______, which receive blood returning from the pulmonary and systemic circuits.
The heart has two receiving chambers called ______, which receive blood returning from the pulmonary and systemic circuits.
The heart has two pumping chambers called ______, which pump blood into the pulmonary and systemic circuits.
The heart has two pumping chambers called ______, which pump blood into the pulmonary and systemic circuits.
The right atrium receives blood returning from the ______ circuit, which carries deoxygenated blood from the body’s tissues.
The right atrium receives blood returning from the ______ circuit, which carries deoxygenated blood from the body’s tissues.
The left atrium receives blood returning from the ______ circuit, which carries oxygenated blood from the lungs.
The left atrium receives blood returning from the ______ circuit, which carries oxygenated blood from the lungs.
The heart is enclosed in a fluid-filled sac called the ______, which protects and anchors the heart.
The heart is enclosed in a fluid-filled sac called the ______, which protects and anchors the heart.
The ______ is the outermost layer of the heart wall.
The ______ is the outermost layer of the heart wall.
The ______ is the thickest layer of the heart wall, composed of cardiac muscle tissue responsible for the heart’s contractions.
The ______ is the thickest layer of the heart wall, composed of cardiac muscle tissue responsible for the heart’s contractions.
The ______ is the innermost layer of the heart wall, lining the chambers and covering the valves.
The ______ is the innermost layer of the heart wall, lining the chambers and covering the valves.
The atrioventricular valve separating the left atria and left ventricle is known as the ______ valve.
The atrioventricular valve separating the left atria and left ventricle is known as the ______ valve.
The ______ valves prevent the backflow of blood into the ventricles during ventricular diastole.
The ______ valves prevent the backflow of blood into the ventricles during ventricular diastole.
[Blank] of coronary arterial circulation can lead to angina pectoris, characterized by chest pain due to reduced blood delivery to the heart.
[Blank] of coronary arterial circulation can lead to angina pectoris, characterized by chest pain due to reduced blood delivery to the heart.
Flashcards
Pulmonary Circuit
Pulmonary Circuit
The circuit that involves blood flow to and from the lungs for oxygenation.
Systemic Circuit
Systemic Circuit
The circuit that distributes oxygenated blood to all tissues of the body.
Arteries
Arteries
Vessels that carry blood away from the heart to tissues or the lungs.
Veins
Veins
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Atria
Atria
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Ventricles
Ventricles
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Pericardium
Pericardium
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Epicardium
Epicardium
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Myocardium
Myocardium
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Endocardium
Endocardium
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Atrioventricular (AV) Valves
Atrioventricular (AV) Valves
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Tricuspid Valve
Tricuspid Valve
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Bicuspid/Mitral Valve
Bicuspid/Mitral Valve
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Semilunar (SL) Valves
Semilunar (SL) Valves
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Coronary Circulation
Coronary Circulation
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Study Notes
- The lecture covers the cardiovascular system, focusing on the heart.
- Objectives include understanding blood circuits, heart architecture, heart wall layers, heart valves, coronary circuits, and coronary disease.
Pulmonary and Systemic Circuits
- The pulmonary circuit involves blood flow to and from the lungs.
- The systemic circuit involves blood flow to the tissues.
- Arteries carry blood away from the heart.
- Veins carry blood toward the heart.
Heart Design
- The heart is a three-dimensional hollow mass of muscle.
- The heart has two receiving chambers: the atria.
- The left atrium receives blood returning from the pulmonary circuit.
- The right atrium receives blood returning from the systemic circuit.
- The heart has two pumping chambers: the ventricles.
- The right ventricle pump blood into the pulmonary circuit.
- The left ventricle pump blood into the systemic circuit.
Heart Anatomy
- The heart is enclosed in a fluid-filled sac.
- The fluid-filled sac protects and anchors the heart.
- The heart wall is composed of the epicardium, myocardium, and endocardium.
Heart Valves
- Atrioventricular (AV) valves are located at each atrial-ventricular junction.
- The tricuspid valve separates the right atria and the right ventricle.
- The bicuspid valve separates the left atria and the left ventricle.
- The AV valves prevent backflow of blood into the atria when the ventricles contract.
- Semilunar (SL) valves are located between each ventricle/artery connection.
- One SL valve separates the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries.
- The other separates the left ventricle and aorta.
- SL valves prevent backflow of blood into the ventricle.
Coronary Circulation
- Coronary circulation provides blood supply to the heart muscle, also known as the myocardium.
- Coronary arteries arise from the base of the aorta.
- Venous blood empties into the right atrium.
Coronary Disease
- Angina pectoris involves blockage of coronary arterial circulation, leading to a fleeting halt in blood delivery.
- Myocardial infarction involves coronary blockage.
- Myocardial infarction leads to cell death and the formation of non-contractile scar tissue.
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