Cardiovascular Physiology Chapter 18 Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells?

  • Storage of calcium (correct)
  • Entry of extracellular calcium
  • Release of extracellular calcium
  • Generation of action potentials
  • Which event triggers the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

  • Ventricular repolarization
  • Atrial depolarization (correct)
  • Ventricular contraction
  • Conduction through AV node
  • What percentage of calcium in muscle cells comes from the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

  • 50-60%
  • 30-40%
  • 10-20%
  • 80-90% (correct)
  • During which phase of the cardiac cycle do the ventricles relax?

    <p>Ventricular repolarization</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the heart's conduction system is responsible for conducting the excitation to the ventricles?

    <p>Right and left bundle branches</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the medulla oblongata in cardiac innervation?

    <p>Cardioacceleration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula to calculate Stroke Volume?

    <p>EDV - ESV</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor affects Stroke Volume by changing the length of muscle fibers?

    <p>Preload</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main effect of increased contractility on Stroke Volume?

    <p>Increases Stroke Volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter is involved in Parasympathetic Control of heart rate?

    <p>Acetylcholine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do catecholamines affect heart function through sympathetic control?

    <p>Act on β1-adrenergic receptors</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What anatomical structures form the 4 chambers of the heart during embryology?

    <p>Sinus venosus, Atrium, Ventricle, Bulbis cordis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What adaptation is crucial in fetal heart circulation before birth?

    <p>Foramen Ovale</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the epicardium?

    <p>Protection of the heart muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which blood vessel supplies the anterior interventricular artery in coronary circulation?

    <p>Circumflex artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do pacemaker cells in the heart do?

    <p>Spontaneously depolarize</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the heart is responsible for the transportation of gases and nutrients?

    <p>Endocardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are the papillary muscles located in the heart?

    <p>Attached to the chordae tendineae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes Angina pectoris?

    <p>Coronary artery blockage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of cardiac myocytes?

    <p>Striated appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which layer of the pericardium consists of parietal and visceral layers?

    <p>Serous Pericardium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hypotension is defined as blood pressure above 90/60mmHg.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Anaphylactic shock is a type of Vascular Shock.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Vesicular transport is a method of Capillary Exchange involving the movement of molecules.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Hydrostatic Pressure in Capillary Exchange refers to the pressure of interstitial fluid.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Colloid Osmotic Pressure involves the osmotic pressure of blood.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Angina Pectoris is derived from Latin words meaning heart and lungs.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Electrocardiography refers to the study of heart sounds.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Valvuloplasty is a procedure specifically performed on veins.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Arteritis refers to the inflammation of veins.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Phlebitis is a condition that affects arteries.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

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