Cardiovascular Physiology Chapter 18 Quiz

During the cardiac cycle, which phase involves ventricular relaxation?

What percentage of extracellular calcium enters the cell through slow calcium channels?

What is the function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells?

Which part of the heart's intrinsic conduction system is responsible for initiating the heartbeat?

What event marks the beginning of ventricular contraction in the cardiac cycle?

Which part of the heart's extrinsic innervation system is associated with speeding up heart rate?

What is the function of the myocardium?

Which structure in the heart is responsible for the spontaneous depolarization?

Where is the fibrous pericardium located?

What is the main function of the serous pericardium?

Which artery supplies blood to the anterior part of the heart?

What characterizes cardiac myocytes?

Which factor affects stroke volume by influencing the length of muscle fibers?

What effect does increased contractility have on stroke volume?

Which neurotransmitter, through parasympathetic control, increases K+ channels permeability and decreases Ca2+ permeability?

Which receptors are activated by catecholamines (NE & Epi) to increase Na+ and Ca2+ permeability?

Which structures form after the endocardial tubes during embryology of the heart?

Which condition results from congestive heart failure?

What adaptation in the fetal heart allows blood to bypass the non-functional lungs?

Which heart rate condition involves an abnormally fast heart rate?

During the cardiac cycle, ventricular contraction follows ventricular repolarization.

About 10-20% of extracellular calcium enters the cell through fast sodium channels.

The SA node is responsible for initiating the heartbeat in the heart's intrinsic conduction system.

The Cardioaccelerator center is associated with slowing down heart rate.

The U wave is a common wave observed in a normal EKG.

Ventricular ejection occurs during the systole phase of the cardiac cycle.

The fibrous pericardium is located within the mediastinum.

The myocardium is the innermost layer of the heart.

Angina pectoris is a condition caused by a complete blockage of a coronary artery.

The great cardiac vein drains into the coronary sinus.

Cardiac myocytes are characterized by their smooth appearance without striations.

Coronary circulation is responsible for delivering deoxygenated blood to the heart muscle.

The Frank-Starling Law of the heart states that as the preload increases, the stroke volume decreases.

Decreased contractility can lead to an increase in stroke volume.

Parasympathetic control of heart rate involves an increase in K+ channels permeability and a decrease in Ca2+ permeability.

Sympathetic control of heart rate involves activation of β1-adrenergic receptors, leading to decreased permeability to Na+ and Ca2+.

The foramen ovale is a fetal adaptation that allows blood to bypass the liver.

Congestive Heart Failure is characterized by the heart's inability to pump enough blood to meet the body's needs.

Coronary atherosclerosis is a condition characterized by low blood pressure.

Dilated cardiomyopathy is a disorder where the heart's main pumping chamber becomes stiff and unable to fill properly.

What triggers the release of calcium from the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells?

Which part of the cardiac cycle follows ventricular repolarization?

What is the function of the Cardioaccelerator center in the extrinsic innervation of the heart?

What characterizes autorhythmic cells in the heart's intrinsic conduction system?

Which part of the heart's intrinsic conduction system is responsible for initiating the heartbeat?

What is the role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in muscle cells?

Describe the characteristics of cardiac myocytes.

What is the function of the serous pericardium?

Explain the physiological role of pacemaker cells in the heart.

What are the two layers of the serous pericardium?

Describe the blood flow in the coronary circulation system.

What is the function of the fibrous pericardium?

Explain the role of the Frank-Starling Law of the heart in regulating stroke volume.

What are the two major components of the cardiac output formula and how do they interrelate?

How does increased contractility affect stroke volume?

Describe the adaptations in the fetal heart that allow blood to bypass the non-functional lungs.

What is the primary neurotransmitter involved in parasympathetic control of heart rate and how does it affect ion permeability?

Explain the role of the Cardioaccelerator center in regulating heart rate.

What is the main characteristic of Dilated Cardiomyopathy?

How does coronary atherosclerosis impact heart function?

Sarcoplasmic reticulum stores ______

Extracellular calcium triggers the release of calcium from the ______

About 1% of the cardiac fibers are ______

Isovolumetric ventricular relaxation occurs during the __________ of the Cardiac Cycle

During the cardiac cycle, ventricular contraction follows ventricular ______

The difference between End Diastolic Volume and End Systolic Volume is the _________ Volume

Factors affecting Stroke Volume include the length of muscle fibers and __________

The SA node is responsible for initiating the heartbeat in the heart's intrinsic ______ system

The Cardioaccelerator center is associated with ______ up heart rate

Increased contractility leads to __________ stroke volume

Parasympathetic Control of heart rate involves the release of __________

Sympathetic Control of heart rate involves activation of β1- adrenergic receptors and the release of __________

The 4 chambers of the heart (Sinus venosus, Atrium, Ventricle, Bulbis cordis) form during __________ of heart development

Congestive Heart Failure can be caused by multiple myocardial infarctions and __________ cardiomyopathy

The left coronary artery branches into the anterior interventricular artery and the ______________ artery

Coronary veins drain into the _____________

Cardiac myocytes are characterized by being ____________ and striated

Pacemaker cells in the heart are known for their ____________ depolarization

Dilated cardiomyopathy is a disorder where the heart's main pumping chamber becomes stiff and unable to ____________ properly

Angina pectoris is a condition characterized by chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the ____________