Cardiovascular Disorders Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is one potential cause of chest pain related to ischemic heart disease?

Tumours

Angina (correct)

Rib fracture

Pleurisy

Palpitations are always caused by anxiety.

False

Name one respiratory cause of chest pain.

Pneumothorax

The awareness of heart beats is termed __________.

palpitation Signup and view all the answers

Match the condition with its corresponding characteristic:

Myocardial Infarction = Severe agonizing chest pain Arrhythmias = Abnormal heart rhythm Pleurisy = Chest pain related to lung inflammation Pulmonary Infarction = Blockage of blood flow to lungs Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a cause of chest pain?

Pleuritis Signup and view all the answers

A sense of impending death is a symptom of myocardial infarction.

True Signup and view all the answers

What physiological sensation is described by 'awareness of heart beats'?

Palpitation Signup and view all the answers

One mediastinal cause of chest pain is ____________.

tumours Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of myocardial infarction?

Severe agonizing chest pain Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of pitting oedema?

It preserves the imprint of fingers Signup and view all the answers

Lower limb oedema can be caused by obstruction of lymphatic circulation.

True Signup and view all the answers

What are two potential causes of swelling in both lower limbs?

renal failure, heart failure Signup and view all the answers

Lower limb oedema can be described as an output of liquid plasma from blood vessels into the __________ tissue.

interstitial Signup and view all the answers

Match the following cardiac sounds with their descriptions:

S1 & S2 = Normal cardiac sounds S3 & S4 = Additional heart sounds Murmurs = Abnormal sounds during heartbeats Pericardial rub = Friction sound in pericardial inflammation Signup and view all the answers

What symptom may accompany lower limb oedema?

Tingling Signup and view all the answers

Oedema can only affect both legs evenly.

False Signup and view all the answers

What physical manifestation can indicate RV enlargement?

Pericordial bulge Signup and view all the answers

An obstruction in venous circulation can lead to __________ in one leg.

oedema Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a possible cause of lower limb oedema?

Diabetes mellitus Signup and view all the answers

Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cardiovascular Disorders: Symptoms & Signs

Cardiac Diseases: Symptoms categorized as pulmonary congestive symptoms, low cardiac output syndrome (LCOS), chest pain, palpitations, systemic venous congestive symptoms, embolic manifestations, constitutional symptoms, cyanosis, and symptoms related to peripheral vascular diseases.

Dyspnea (Shortness of Breath)

Types: Exertional, positional, paroxysmal, and acute dyspnea.
Causes (Cardiac): Heart failure (HF), valvular heart disease (VHD), congenital heart disease (CHD).
Causes (Other): Anaemia, obesity, thyrotoxicosis, myasthenia gravis, physiological factors like exercise, pregnancy, sedentary lifestyle, and high altitude.

Cough

Causes (Dry): Central causes (brain abscess, tumors, hemorrhage, encephalitis, meningitis), and reflex causes (laryngeal, pharyngeal, tracheal, bronchial, alveolar, pleural, ear).
Causes (Productive): Mucoid (chronic bronchitis), watery/frothy/blood-tinged (left-sided heart failure), mucopurulent (acute inflammatory), pyogenic (lung abscess, bronchiectasis) or red currant jelly (bronchogenic carcinoma).

Haemoptysis (Coughing up Blood)

Causes: Chest issues (except bronchial asthma), cardiac issues (mitral stenosis, left-sided heart failure), and general causes (bleeding tendency, drugs).

Low Cardiac Output Syndrome (LCOS) Symptoms

Symptoms related to low cardiac output, including syncope, dizziness, easy fatigability, anginal pain, and intermittent claudication.

Systemic Congestive Symptoms

Symptoms related to right-sided heart failure, including lower limb edema (LL), ascites, right hypochondrial pain, jaundice, and dyspepsia.

Oedema of Lower Limbs (LL)

Definition: Abnormal swelling of LL due to fluid accumulation in subcutaneous tissue.
Classification: Bilateral (CHF, renal failure, hepatic failure, prolonged standing, pregnancy, medications, repeated tapping etc) or Unilateral (DVT, cellulitis, trauma).
Pitting: All cases showing oedema when compressed.
Non-pitting: Lymphedema and myxedema, don't show pitting.

Ascites

Fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity, may occur before lower limb oedema

Embolic Manifestations

Transient episodes of arterial blockage from the heart or diseased vessels, manifesting as sudden hemiplegia, blindness, acute chest pain, abdominal pain (mesenteric occlusion), limb pain, or pain less hematuria..

Cyanosis

Bluish discolouration of skin, lips, fingers, and toes due to reduced haemoglobin levels.

Constitutional Symptoms

Generalized, non-specific symptoms like fever, chills, body aches, and malaise, often accompanying various cardiovascular conditions.

Chest Pain

Causes associated with cardiovascular diseases, respiratory issues, mediastinal conditions, and chest wall issues..

Palpitations

Awareness of heartbeats, with potential causes related to abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmias.)

Neck Veins

Normal neck veins are not prominent or visible but may be prominent and congested in some cardiac illnesses.

Clubbing

Proliferation of connective tissue in the nail bed, associated with diverse medical conditions, including chronic hypoxia, cyanotic heart disease, COPD, and lung fibrosis.

Cardiac Local Examination

Methods for physical examination like inspection, percussion, palpation, and auscultation providing crucial insights into cardiovascular function.

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Description

Test your knowledge on cardiovascular disorders, including their symptoms like dyspnea and cough. This quiz covers various cardiac diseases and their manifestations, as well as causes linked to shortness of breath and coughing. Perfect for study and review in the field of cardiology.