Cardiovascular Diseases and Pressure Waveforms Quiz

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What abnormal arterial pressure waveform is associated with aortic regurgitation?

Pulsus alternans

Bisferiens pulse (correct)

Pulsus paradoxus

Spike and dome

Which condition presents with a pulsus parvus and pulsus tardus?

Cardiac tamponade

Aortic Stenosis (correct)

Systolic left ventricular failure

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

What arterial pressure waveform anomaly is indicative of cardiac tamponade?

Pulsus paradoxus (correct)

Pulsus alternans

Bisferiens pulse

Spike and dome

Which condition is linked to the pulsus alternans waveform abnormality?

Systolic left ventricular failure Signup and view all the answers

What abnormal arterial pressure waveform is observed in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?

Spike and dome Signup and view all the answers

Which type of pulse pressure abnormality is associated with aortic regurgitation?

Wide pulse pressure Signup and view all the answers

What is a unique advantage of the Right Internal Jugular Vein site?

Lower risk of pneumothorax Signup and view all the answers

Which site has the highest risk of pneumothorax?

Left Internal Jugular Vein Signup and view all the answers

What is a disadvantage of the Left Internal Jugular Vein site?

It tends to overlap the Carotid more than the Right IJ Signup and view all the answers

Which site is recommended for longer term use due to a lower infection rate?

Subclavian Vein Signup and view all the answers

What is a technical challenge associated with the Subclavian Vein site?

Technically challenging Signup and view all the answers

What is a common challenge faced by practitioners when using the Left Internal Jugular Vein site?

Less experience in placing on the left side Signup and view all the answers

Which complication is associated with pulmonary artery catheterization?

Right bundle branch block Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the distal port on a standard pulmonary artery catheter?

Monitoring pulmonary artery pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is an absolute contraindication for pulmonary artery catheterization?

Tricuspid stenosis Signup and view all the answers

How many lumens does a standard PAC contain for different functions?

Four Signup and view all the answers

What is the main purpose of the third lumen in a standard PAC?

Balloon inflation Signup and view all the answers

During insertion, where is the PAC typically advanced beyond to ensure proper placement?

Introducer sheath Signup and view all the answers

What patient parameters are programmed into the computer for further indexing cardiac output measurements?

Height, weight, and gender Signup and view all the answers

Under what condition might the accuracy of pulse contour methods be affected?

Severe tachycardia or dysrhythmia Signup and view all the answers

What is a requirement for meaningful use of beat-to-beat variation in stroke volume?

Controlled mechanical ventilation Signup and view all the answers

What might affect the accuracy of pulse contour methods according to the text?

Tachycardia or dysrhythmia Signup and view all the answers

In what patient state does a well-defined arterial pressure waveform with a discernible dicrotic notch not always exist?

Severe tachycardia or dysrhythmia Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of inflating the balloon during the pulmonary artery catheter insertion?

To direct the catheter towards the pulmonary artery Signup and view all the answers

How can entry of the pulmonary artery catheter (PAC) into the pulmonary artery be identified?

By a stepup in diastolic pressure and a change in waveform morphology Signup and view all the answers

Which condition distorts the systolic portion of the wedge pressure waveform?

Mitral regurgitation Signup and view all the answers

What happens to pulmonary artery and wedge pressures during inspiration in positive pressure ventilation?

They temporarily increase Signup and view all the answers

What is the most reliable method for measuring central vascular pressures at end-expiration?

Using a calibrated monitor screen Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of wedge pressure in the context of pulmonary artery catheterization?

Indirectly measures pulmonary venous pressure Signup and view all the answers

In mitral stenosis, what happens to the diastolic y descent in the wedge pressure waveform?

It is slurred Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern when interpreting pressure measurements in patients receiving positive pressure ventilation?

Measuring end-expiration pressures Signup and view all the answers

What waveform abnormality is characteristic of patients with mitral regurgitation?

Tall v wave Signup and view all the answers