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Questions and Answers
What is the principal mechanism of vascular pathology resulting in disease?
What is the principal mechanism of vascular pathology resulting in disease?
- Sudden weakening of vessel walls
- Weakening of vessel walls causing dilation
- Narrowing or complete obstruction of vessel lumina (correct)
- Gradual weakening of vessel walls
What characterizes atherosclerosis?
What characterizes atherosclerosis?
- Raised lesion with soft yellow core of cholesterol covered by a firm, white fibrous cap (correct)
- Flat lesion with soft yellow core of cholesterol covered by a firm, white fibrous cap
- Raised lesion with hard yellow core of cholesterol covered by a soft, white fibrous cap
- Flat lesion with hard yellow core of cholesterol covered by a soft, white fibrous cap
What age range experiences a fivefold increase in myocardial infarction incidence in men?
What age range experiences a fivefold increase in myocardial infarction incidence in men?
- Between ages 20 and 40
- Between ages 40 and 60 (correct)
- Between ages 50 and 70
- Between ages 30 and 50
What protects premenopausal women against atherosclerosis?
What protects premenopausal women against atherosclerosis?
What familial condition is specifically related to familial hyperlipidemia?
What familial condition is specifically related to familial hyperlipidemia?
What are the principal mechanisms of vascular pathology resulting in disease?
What are the principal mechanisms of vascular pathology resulting in disease?
What is the major constitutional risk factor that has a dominant influence on atherosclerosis?
What is the major constitutional risk factor that has a dominant influence on atherosclerosis?
What characterizes atherosclerosis?
What characterizes atherosclerosis?
What condition relates to familial clustering of other risk factors such as hypertension or diabetes?
What condition relates to familial clustering of other risk factors such as hypertension or diabetes?
What protects premenopausal women against atherosclerosis?
What protects premenopausal women against atherosclerosis?
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Study Notes
Vascular Pathology and Disease
- The principal mechanism of vascular pathology resulting in disease is atherosclerosis.
Atherosclerosis Characteristics
- Atherosclerosis is characterized by the accumulation of lipids and inflammatory cells in the arterial walls, leading to plaque formation and narrowing of the arteries.
Age and Myocardial Infarction
- Men between 45-54 years old experience a fivefold increase in myocardial infarction incidence.
Protection Against Atherosclerosis
- Premenopausal women are protected against atherosclerosis due to the presence of estrogen, which inhibits the progression of atherosclerosis.
Familial Hyperlipidemia
- Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a condition specifically related to familial hyperlipidemia, characterized by high levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol.
Principal Mechanisms of Vascular Pathology
- The principal mechanisms of vascular pathology resulting in disease include atherosclerosis, which is influenced by major constitutional risk factors such as family history, age, and sex.
Major Constitutional Risk Factor
- Family history is a major constitutional risk factor that has a dominant influence on atherosclerosis.
Familial Clustering of Risk Factors
- Familial combined hyperlipidemia is a condition that relates to familial clustering of other risk factors such as hypertension or diabetes.
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