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Questions and Answers
What can be affected by blood flow through coronary arteries only during the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle?
Arrhythmias refer to disorders of initiation or conduction of electrical impulses in the heart.
True
What is the imbalance in Ischemic Heart Disease that can lead to muscular cell death in the heart muscles?
Myocardial oxygen supply to demand
Heart Failure is characterized by altered __________ mechanics, causing an inability to generate sufficient pressure to pump out the blood.
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Study Notes
Cardiac Conditions
- Ischemic Heart Disease (Acute Coronary Syndrome or MI):
- Coronary circulation during cardiac cycle:
- Different arteries involved
- Blood flow affected throughout the cardiac cycle
- Blood flow through coronary arteries only fills up during diastolic phase
- Changes in heart function affect coronary circulation's ability to supply oxygen
- Can cause vicious cycle in pathologic conditions
- Coronary circulation during cardiac cycle:
- Valvular Heart Disease:
- Structures or status of valves during cardiac cycle:
- Whether they are open or closed in each phase
- Differentiate between stenosis and regurgitation:
- Narrowing of AV orifices vs dysfunction of valvular closure
- Structures or status of valves during cardiac cycle:
- Arrhythmias:
- Electrical activity of the heart:
- Parts of the conducting system
- Cardiac muscle action potential
- Disorder of initiation or conduction of electrical impulses:
- Sinus rhythm problems, initiation of electrical impulses, or conduction
- Entails sinoatrial node being okay, but depolarization transfer problems to ventricles
- Electrical activity of the heart:
- Heart Failure:
- Flow of blood through the heart:
- Back flow due to problems with heart muscle contraction
- Altered myocardial mechanics:
- Inability of cardiac muscles to generate pressures to eject or pump out blood
- Ejection or systole component affected by diastole
- Cardiac output factors:
- Increase in blood volume and its effect on BP
- Total peripheral resistance factors:
- Size of blood vessel opening affects BP
- Pressure within capillary beds:
- Useful in discussing chronic venous insufficiency and lymphedema
- Pressures promoting filtration or fluid reabsorption
- Flow of blood through the heart:
Etiology
- Hypertension:
- One of the big causes of heart disease, particularly ischemic heart disease or acute coronary syndrome
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Description
This quiz covers cardiac and peripheral vascular conditions, including relevant anatomy and physiology concepts, medical-surgical background, rehabilitation scenarios, and evaluation strategies.
