Cardiovascular Assessment: Vital Signs and Heart Functions

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What is the main function of the external jugular in the anatomy and physiology of the heart?

Carries oxygenated blood to the lower central nervous system
Pumps blood to the upper extremities
Drains blood to the nervous lower central system and extremities (correct)
Transports unoxygenated blood from the abdomen to the heart

What is the layer of the heart in contact with the blood?

Outer layer
Pericardial layer
Inner layer (correct)
Muscular layer

What is the valve that carries unoxygenated blood from the body to the heart?

Aortic valve
Pulmonary valve
Tricuspid valve (correct)
Mitral valve

Which vessel carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body?

Aorta (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the cardiovascular examination?

To perform a physical examination of the heart and great vessels (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the inflammation of the outermost layer of the heart?

Pericarditis (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the contraction of the heart muscle?

Systole (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the semilunar valves in the heart?

To regulate the flow of blood from the ventricles into the aorta and pulmonary arteries (A) Signup and view all the answers

Where is the point of maximal impulse located in the surface anatomy of the heart?

At the apex of the heart (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle?

Diastole (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the atrioventricular valves in the heart?

To prevent backflow from the ventricles into the atria (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the electrical signal that stimulates the heart to pump?

Pacemaker signal (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the atrium in the heart?

To contract and pump blood to the ventricles (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is a common symptom of right heart failure?

Edema of extremities (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the pressure exerted by fluid in the blood vessels?

Hydrostatic pressure (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the absence of pumping action of the heart?

Asystole (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the return of blood from the body to the heart?

Venous return (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the pain or discomfort in the chest or arm?

Chest pain or discomfort (A) Signup and view all the answers

During physical examination, what is the recommended position for the patient during inspection and palpation of the carotid artery?

Sitting position (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using tangential lighting during inspection of the jugular vein?

To assess the degree of venous distention (B) Signup and view all the answers

During auscultation of the heart, what is the location of the aortic valve area?

Second right interspace (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal amplitude and contour of the carotid artery pulse?

Moderate and smooth (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a thrill during palpation of the carotid artery?

Sign of arterial blockage (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the abdominojugular test?

To diagnose heart failure (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended angle for the patient's position during measurement of the jugular venous distention?

30-45 degrees (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal vertical height of the jugular venous distention?

Less than 4 cm (B) Signup and view all the answers

During palpation of the precordium, what is the purpose of using the ball of the hand?

To feel the apical impulse (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of a bruit during auscultation of the carotid artery?

Sign of arterial obstruction (C) Signup and view all the answers