30 Questions
What is the normal location of the point of maximum impulse (PMI) in adults?
In the 5th intercostal space medial to the midclavicular line
What is the normal diameter of the PMI in adults?
1 to 2 cm
What does a displaced or enlarged PMI indicate?
Enlarged or aneurysmal heart
What is the normal finding for abdominal aortic pulsations?
Normal aortic pulsations
What is the purpose of the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle?
To allow the heart to relax and refill with blood
What is the normal finding for the second heart sound (S2) during auscultation?
Increased intensity at the base of the heart
What is the recommended position for the client to be in while assessing the carotid arteries?
Upright sitting position
Which of the following is a normal finding when palpating the carotid arteries?
Symmetric pulse volume
What may increased pulsation in the carotid arteries indicate?
Arteriosclerosis
What should be done to test for calf tenderness?
Push the calves from side to side
How should the client's leg be positioned during Homan's test to check for tenderness?
Extended
'Swelling on one calf or leg' is listed as a deviation in assessing which area?
Peripheral perfusion
What is the function of the Hepatic Portal Veins?
Transporting nutrients absorbed from the digestive system to the liver
Where do Renal Veins drain deoxygenated blood from?
Kidneys
Where is the Femoral Vein located?
Thigh
What should be assessed in peripheral leg veins for signs of phlebitis?
Examining the calves for redness and swelling over vein sites
What should be assessed in the areola according to the text?
Assessing size, shape, color, and any masses or lesions
What should be inspected in the nipple according to the text?
Inspecting size, shape, position, color, discharge, and lesions
Which position is recommended for clients with pendulous breasts during a breast examination?
Both supine and sitting positions
When palpating the breasts, which action should be taken if the client reports a breast lump?
Start with the 'normal' breast to obtain baseline data
Which of the following techniques should be used to enhance breast flattening during palpation?
Asking the client to abduct the arm and place the hand behind the head, with a small pillow or rolled towel under the shoulder
Which of the following should be assessed when evaluating any nipple discharge?
Amount, color, consistency, and odor
What is considered a normal finding during a breast examination?
No tenderness, masses, nodules, or nipple discharge
Which of the following statements regarding breast development in children is true?
Female breast development begins between 9 and 13 years of age and occurs in 5 stages (Tanner stages)
What is the Tanner stage characterized by the projection of the areola and nipple?
Stage 4
During early adolescence, what change might boys experience in their breast area?
Enlargement of breast tissue (gynecomastia)
In what Tanner stage do axillary hair usually appear?
Stage 3
What is a characteristic change in pregnant females' nipples?
Development of Montgomery's glands
What change occurs in older adults' breasts postmenopause?
Appearance of pendulous or flaccid shape
What is a typical change observed in pregnant females' breasts besides increased size?
Presence of colostrum secretion
Learn about inspecting and palpating the apical area for pulsation during a cardiovascular assessment. Understand how to determine the specific location, diameter, and any deviations from normal findings. This quiz covers the assessment of the apical pulsation in adults.
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