Cardiovascular and Respiratory System Overview

What is the primary function of the lungs?

To perform gas exchange (correct)
To pump blood throughout the body
To filter waste from the blood
To regulate body temperature

What separates the lobes of the lungs?

Pleural sacs
Fissures (correct)
Bronchi
Trachea

What type of blood is found in the pulmonary circulation?

Deoxygenated blood (correct)
Circulating blood
Filtered blood
Oxygenated blood

What is the name of the sacs that surround the lungs?

Pleural sacs (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the exchange of gases between the lungs and the blood?

Pulmonary diffusion (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the muscle that separates the lungs from the abdominal cavity?

Diaphragm (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism by which air flows out of the lungs during passive expiration?

Relaxation of the inspiratory muscles and elastic recoil of the lung tissue (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which muscles are involved in forced expiration?

Intercostal muscles, abdominal muscles, latissimus dorsi and quadratus lumborum muscles (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the respiratory pump?

To assist in the return of venous blood to the heart (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal respiratory rate for an adult?

12-18 breaths/minute (B) Signup and view all the answers

What stimulates the respiratory center to increase the rate and depth of respiration?

Increase in carbon dioxide concentration (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of chemoreceptors?

To sense changes in carbon dioxide and hydrogen ion levels (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of low blood oxygen levels on respiratory rate?

Increase in respiratory rate (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of myoglobin in the muscle?

To store oxygen (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of exercise on blood flow through the muscles?

Increase in blood flow (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a decrease in the blood's oxygen-carrying capacity on oxygen delivery?

Decrease in oxygen delivery (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the pulmonary capillary network?

To exchange oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and the blood (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the contraction of the diaphragm during inspiration?

The thoracic cavity increases in volume (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the parasympathetic nervous system in the lungs?

To cause bronchoconstriction (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the volume and pressure of a gas at a constant temperature, as described by Boyle's Law?

Volume increases, pressure decreases (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the process that causes air to flow into the lungs during inspiration?

The difference in pressure between the atmosphere and the lungs (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the process that causes air to leave the lungs during expiration?

Expiration (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the external intercostal muscles during inspiration?

To move the ribs and sternum up and out (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of having a larger thoracic cavity than normal?

The intra-alveolar pressure decreases (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the respiratory zone in the lungs?