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Cardiovascular Anatomy Quiz
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Cardiovascular Anatomy Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the importance of demonstrating the relationship of the coarctation to the origins of the left and right subclavian arteries?

  • To diagnose ARVD
  • To determine the severity of aortic stenosis
  • To visualize the coronary artery dominance
  • To identify the presence of an aberrant subclavian artery (correct)

    • What is the primary feature of Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia (ARVD)?

  • Cardiac MRI finding of delayed myocardial enhancement of the left ventricle
  • Structural anomaly of the left ventricle wall
  • Congenital defect of the aortic valve
  • Functional anomaly of the right ventricle wall leading to ventricular arrhythmias (correct)

    • What is the significance of delayed myocardial enhancement of the right ventricle in ARVD?

  • It is a feature of left ventricular dysfunction
  • It is a sign of cardiac MRI artifact
  • It is a diagnostic criterion for ARVD
  • It correlates with a decreased right ventricular ejection fraction (correct)

    • What is the role of cardiac MRI in Acute MI?

    <p>To assess the risk of LV remodeling and cardiovascular death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prognostic significance of late MVO in Acute MI?

    <p>It is associated with increased medium-term hospitalization, major adverse cardiac events and cardiovascular death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of perfusion and EGE over LGE for detection of MVO?

    <p>They are more sensitive for detection of MVO</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of cases is the RCA dominant?

    <p>70%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinct feature of the RV?

    <p>Trabeculated apex</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is coarctation of the aorta characterized by?

    <p>Hypoplasia of the distal aortic arch and focal narrowing of the proximal descending aorta</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between the length of the distal RCA and the length of the LCA?

    <p>Inversely proportional</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which cases are the RCA and LCA codominant?

    <p>In the remaining cases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the importance of distinguishing the LV from the RV in congenital heart disease?

    <p>It is of paramount importance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of people with coarctation of the aorta often have a bicuspid aortic valve?

    <p>1 in 25-50%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the syndrome that is rarely associated with coarctation of the aorta?

    <p>Shone syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of collateral circulation to the post-coarctation segment of the aorta?

    <p>Branches of the proximal subclavian arteries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a cardiac CT examination in patients with coarctation of the aorta?

    <p>To demonstrate the location, caliber, and length of the coarctation segment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the defect that is associated with coarctation of the aorta and also with ventricular septal defect (VSD)?

    <p>Transposition of the great vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the abnormal connection between the aorta and the pulmonary artery?

    <p>PDA</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of urinary tract rupture?

    <p>Extraperitoneal rupture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred initial imaging modality for abusive head trauma?

    <p>US</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the imaging modality of choice for detecting subarachnoid hemorrhage in the initial phase?

    <p>CT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic feature of nonaccidental injury?

    <p>Fractures of different ages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the imaging modality used to detect intraventricular hemorrhage in shaken baby syndrome?

    <p>CT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the commonest carpal bone to fracture?

    <p>Scaphoid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the complication of a scaphoid fracture that is characterized by dorsal tilt of the lunate bone and avascular necrosis of the proximal pole?

    <p>SNAC</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the deformity characterized by dorsal tilt of the proximal fragment and volar tilt of the distal fragment?

    <p>Humpback deformity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the condition that is very common and often found incidentally in pediatric radiographs, especially around the knee?

    <p>Nof</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk of non-union, delayed union, and AVN in scaphoid fractures?

    <p>Is higher in the proximal portion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage of pelvic fractures have concurrent bladder injury?

    <p>2-10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of instilling at least 250ml of contrast in CT cystography?

    <p>To avoid false negatives</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of bladder rupture?

    <p>Extraperitoneal bladder rupture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic CT finding in extraperitoneal bladder rupture?

    <p>Molar tooth appearance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the usual mechanism of intraperitoneal bladder rupture?

    <p>Full bladder at the time of trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common natural evolution of a bubbly lytic lesion with sclerotic margins?

    <p>It will be replaced by bone over a few years with mild residual sclerosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of a humeral supracondylar fracture?

    <p>Posterior displacement of the capitellar growth center</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be considered in an adult with a lesser trochanter avulsion fracture, especially in patients with known breast cancer?

    <p>A pathologic fracture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the likely probability of a solitary sternal lesion being metastatic disease in patients with breast cancer?

    <p>80%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between a NOF and an FCD?

    <p>NOF is larger than 2 cm, while FCD is smaller than 2 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common complication of a lateral condyle fracture?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fracture should alert the radiologist to the possibility of a pathologic fracture?

    <p>Transverse fracture in a long bone without significant prior trauma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) on imaging?

    <p>Symmetric findings of slight widening of the SI joints, sclerosis, and erosions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of a Salter-Harris IV fracture?

    <p>Fracture extending through the distal lateral metaphysis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical location of most metastases due to the presence of red bone marrow?

    <p>Ribs, pelvis, vertebrae, and skull</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of erosions in gout?

    <p>Sharply marginated and paraarticular</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical appearance of gouty tophus on magnetic resonance imaging?

    <p>Low signal intensity on T1-weighted and variably high or low signal on T2-weighted</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary feature of gouty arthritis?

    <p>Chronic disease process with normal bone density</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the typical location of gouty erosions?

    <p>First metatarsophalangeal, distal interphalangeal, and proximal interphalangeal joints</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic of sodium urate crystals in gout?

    <p>Needle- or rod-shaped and negatively birefringent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of medial epicondylar avulsion?

    <p>Valgus stress causes medial condylar entrapment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of pelvic fractures that have concurrent bladder injury?

    <p>10%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the preferred initial imaging modality for abusive head trauma?

    <p>CT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common type of urinary tract rupture?

    <p>Extraperitoneal bladder rupture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the characteristic feature of nonaccidental injury patterns?

    <p>Multiple fractures at different stages of healing</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the imaging modality used to detect intraventricular hemorrhage in shaken baby syndrome?

    <p>MRI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the risk of non-union, delayed union, and AVN in scaphoid fractures?

    <p>10-20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the syndrome that is rarely associated with coarctation of the aorta?

    <p>Turner syndrome</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term for the deformity characterized by dorsal tilt of the proximal fragment and volar tilt of the distal fragment?

    <p>Colles' deformity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of instilling at least 250ml of contrast in CT cystography?

    <p>To exclude bladder rupture</p> Signup and view all the answers

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