Cardiopulmonary Connection Key Terms

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of LDL in the body?

Transporting oxygen to the cells

Transporting cholesterol to the cells (correct)

Transferring excess cholesterol to the liver

Maintaining normal blood pressure

What best describes hyperventilation?

It is characterized by rapid or deep breathing due to stress or anxiety. (correct)

It is a normal respiratory function during relaxation.

It is caused by exercise and improves lung capacity.

It occurs primarily during sleep.

Which statement about total cholesterol is correct?

Ideal total cholesterol should be below 200 mg/dL to minimize heart disease risk. (correct)

It reflects only the levels of LDL in the blood.

Higher levels indicate a lower risk of heart disease.

It should be maintained above 200 mg/dL for optimal health.

What is the primary role of a pulmonologist?

Diagnosis and treatment of lung diseases Signup and view all the answers

What are the normal red blood cell (RBC) counts for men?

4.0–5.9 x 10^12 L Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the pulmonary arteries?

Transport deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs Signup and view all the answers

What do we call the double folds of membranes between lobes of the lungs?

Fissures Signup and view all the answers

What indicates a potential health risk regarding HDL levels?

Levels below 60 mg/dL Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the heart is responsible for moving re-oxygenated blood throughout the body?

Left side of the heart Signup and view all the answers

What structural feature separates the superior and middle lobes of the right lung?

Horizontal fissure Signup and view all the answers

What process describes the net movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to one of lower concentration?

Diffusion Signup and view all the answers

During inhalation, which of the following occurs?

Diaphragm contracts and thoracic cavity volume increases Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of the conducting zone of the respiratory system?

Transport air to and from the lungs Signup and view all the answers

Which lung volume can be measured by a spirometry test as the volume of air that can be exhaled forcibly after normal expiration?

Expiratory reserve volume Signup and view all the answers

Which phase primarily increases thoracic cavity volume during respiration?

Inhalation Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is primarily involved in gas exchange within the respiratory system?

Alveoli Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Cardiopulmonary Connection Key Terms

Fissures: Double folds of membranes between lobes of the lungs.
Sheep pluck: A preserved specimen that includes the heart, aorta, and lungs with a trachea.
Diffusion: The net movement of molecules from a region of high concentration to one of lower concentration.
Hyperventilation: Rapid or deep breathing, a response to stress, anxiety, or panic.
Red blood cell (RBC): Cells that transport oxygen. Normal count: 4.0-5.9 x 10¹² L for men and 3.8–5.2 x 10¹² L for women.
Total cholesterol: The total amount of cholesterol in the blood. Ideal level is below 200 mg/dL. High levels can indicate heart disease risk.
LDL: A type of lipoprotein that transports cholesterol to cells. Levels below 100 mg/dL are ideal. Higher levels indicate a risk of heart disease.
HDL: A type of lipoprotein that removes excess cholesterol from the bloodstream and transports it to the liver. Levels above 60 mg/dL are ideal. Lower levels can indicate a risk of heart disease.
Triglycerides: Higher levels are linked with a higher risk of heart disease. Normal levels are 150 mg/dL or less.
Empathy: Understanding and experiencing the feelings of another person.

Lung Function & Teamwork

Pulmonary loop: The right side of the heart takes oxygen-poor blood from the body and moves it to the lungs for re-oxygenation.
Pulmonary arteries: Transport deoxygenated blood from the right side of the heart to the lungs for oxygenation.
Pulmonary veins: Transport oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart.
Systemic loop: Once the blood is re-oxygenated, the left side of the heart moves it throughout the body, providing oxygen where needed.
Lung Lobes: Horizontal fissure separates the superior and middle lobes of the right lung. Oblique fissure separates the middle and inferior lobes of the right and superior and inferior lobes of the left lung.

Respiratory System Organs & Structures

Upper Respiratory Tract: Nasal cavity, nostrils, nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx.
Lower Respiratory Tract: Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli.
Conducting Zone: Passageway for air to enter and exit the lungs.
Respiratory Zone: Location in the alveoli where gas exchange takes place.
Respiration: Inhalation/inspiration (air in) and exhalation/expiration (air out). This process includes movements of the intercostal muscles and diaphragm, changes in thoracic cavity volume, and changes in air pressure.

Lung Capacity: Spirometry Test

IRV: Additional air volume inhaled with maximum effort.
ERV: Additional air volume exhaled with maximum effort.
VC: Total volume of air exhaled after a maximum inhale.
TV: Air volume breathed in and out without conscious effort.
RV: Air volume remaining in the lungs after maximum exhalation; ensures lungs are not completely empty.
TLC: Total volume of the lungs (TLC = VC + RV).
Peak Flow: Measurement of how quickly a patient can exhale, used to diagnose asthma.
Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1): Amount of air exhaled in one second. FEV1 of greater than 80% of predicted value is normal.
Asthma: Disease of the lungs; symptoms include wheezing and chest tightness; controlled by medications.

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Description

This quiz covers essential key terms related to the cardiopulmonary system, including definitions of important concepts such as diffusion, hyperventilation, and cholesterol types. Understand the structure and function of respiratory and circulatory systems to enhance your knowledge in health and physiology. Perfect for students studying biology or health sciences.