Cardiopulmonary Bypass Tubing Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which material is the predominant tubing material used today in cardiopulmonary bypass?

  • Silicone rubber
  • Phosphates
  • Polyvinylchloride (PVC) (correct)
  • Latex rubber

What are the bonds that make up PVC?

  • Polar carbon-nitrogen (C-N) bonds
  • Polar carbon-chloride (C-Cl) bonds (correct)
  • Polar carbon-hydrogen (C-H) bonds
  • Polar carbon-oxygen (C-O) bonds

What is the purpose of plasticizers in PVC tubing?

  • To make it brittle
  • To make it flame retardant
  • To make it rigid
  • To make it malleable and easier to manipulate (correct)

Which type of plasticizer is commonly used for flexibility in plastics?

<p>Phthalates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of dicarbonates in shaping PVC?

<p>To shape PVC at lower temperatures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of phosphates in plasticizers?

<p>To make it flame retardant (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of fatty acid esters in plasticizers?

<p>To improve flexibility (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many tons of plasticizers are used each year?

<p>8 million tons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would happen to PVC without plasticizers?

<p>It would remain in its hard, rigid form (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of products made from PVC?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which material offers excellent cleanliness properties but has lower temperature resistance, chemical resistance, and worse form recovery after being under load?

<p>TPE &amp; TPU (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which material is not rigid enough for some industrial applications and absorbs surrounding moisture?

<p>TPE &amp; TPU (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which material is highly flexible and has a low shrink temperature and excellent abrasion resistance?

<p>Polyolefin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method for the manufacture of plastic tubing is a continuous feed process used to produce a tubing profile?

<p>Pultrusion (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the pressure rating of medical tubing define?

<p>The minimum or maximum pressures the tube is designed to withstand (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the minimum bend radius of medical tubing indicate?

<p>The acceptable amount of deformation the tubing cross-section can undergo (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which connector material is most widely used in medical tubing?

<p>Polycarbonate (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to refer to connectors in medical tubing?

<p>Fitting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are connections in medical tubing that are 'bonded' typically made?

<p>By heating the tubing and placing it on the specified connection site (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method of sterilization uses ethylene oxide gas?

<p>ETO Sterilization (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organization has determined that nearly all plasticizers are safe?

<p>The Registration for Evaluation, Authorization, and Restriction of Chemicals (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the molecular structure of silicone rubber?

<p>Silicone and oxygen atoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tubing is sometimes used in the arterial pump roller head as an alternative to PVC tubing?

<p>Silicone rubber tubing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the release of plastic micro particles from tubing due to repeated compression?

<p>Spallation (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some sequelae of the inflammatory response to foreign surfaces during CPB?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of circuit coating uses both hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties to reduce protein denaturation and platelet adhesion?

<p>Poly(2-methoxyethylacrylate) (PMEA) coating (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most commonly used wall thickness in perfusion?

<p>1/16'' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the advantages of using larger bore tubing in perfusion?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What factors should be considered when deciding upon the size of arterial and venous tubing?

<p>Both A and B (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the term 'Medical Tubing' typically refer to?

<p>Tubing that meets certain standards or certifications (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of plasticizer is commonly used for flexibility in plastics?

<p>Phthalates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of phosphates in plasticizers?

<p>To make the material flame retardant (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of fatty acid esters in plasticizers?

<p>To improve flexibility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some examples of products made from PVC?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What would happen to PVC without plasticizers?

<p>It would become brittle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of dicarbonates in shaping PVC?

<p>To shape PVC at lower temperatures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the bonds that make up PVC?

<p>Carbon-chloride (C-Cl) bonds (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many tons of plasticizers are used each year?

<p>Over 8 million tons (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of plasticizers in PVC tubing?

<p>To improve flexibility (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the minimum bend radius of medical tubing indicate?

<p>The minimum diameter the tubing can bend without kinking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which organization is known to be the most comprehensive and strict safety regulating organization in the world?

<p>REACH (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of rubber has a molecular structure consisting of a chain of silicone and oxygen atoms rather than carbon and hydrogen atoms?

<p>Silicone rubber (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tubing produces less hemolysis than PVC when occluded, but can release more particles?

<p>Silicone tubing (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tubing is sometimes used in the arterial pump roller head as an alternative to commonly used PVC tubing?

<p>Silicone tubing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the release of plastic micro particles from tubing due to repeated compression?

<p>Spallation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some sequelae of the inflammatory response to foreign surfaces during CPB?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of circuit coating uses a non-heparin-based biopassive polymer to reduce protein denaturation and platelet adhesion?

<p>PMEA coating (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of tubing is made from phosphorylcholine to reduce platelet activation and cell adhesion to the tubing surface?

<p>Phosphorylcholine tubing (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most commonly used wall thickness in perfusion?

<p>1/16'' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the internal diameter of tubing affect?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which material is commonly used for the manufacture of venous hardshell reservoirs?

<p>PVC (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main disadvantage of using Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU) for some industrial applications?

<p>Rigidity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which material is highly flexible and has a low shrink temperature and excellent abrasion resistance?

<p>Polyolefin (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of tie-banding in tubing connections?

<p>To increase strength and security (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the four essential parameters that influence the effectiveness of Ethylene Oxide (ETO) sterilization?

<p>Gas concentration, temperature, relative humidity, and exposure time (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which stage of the Ethylene Oxide (ETO) sterilization cycle involves the introduction of the gas?

<p>Gas introduction (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the classification of ethylene oxide in terms of its effects on germ cells, carcinogenicity, and reproductive toxicity?

<p>Germ cell mutagen, carcinogen, reproductive toxin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of polycarbonate connectors in medical tubing?

<p>To increase strength and security (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which method for the manufacture of plastic tubing is a continuous feed process used to produce a tubing profile?

<p>Pultrusion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the minimum bend radius of medical tubing indicate?

<p>The acceptable amount of deformation the tubing cross-section can undergo (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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