Cardiology Essentials Quiz

<p>Tricuspid valve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Improper septal development (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pericarditis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Regular exercise (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pain on exertion relieved by rest (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Pitting edema (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Angina pectoris (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Type of associated symptoms (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Dependent edema in the legs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Assessing pain and its characteristics (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Infrequent meal intake (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>S3 gallop heart sound (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Diuretics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Cyanosis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Prolonged travel (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hypervolemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Drain excess fluid from tissues (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Usually unilateral (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Inspecting the right internal jugular vein at a specific angle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Deoxygenated blood flows from the body to the lungs via the superior/inferior vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonic valve, and pulmonary artery.

Oxygenated blood travels from the lungs to the body via pulmonary vein, left atrium, mitral valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, and aorta.

Heart sounds, like S1 and S2, are produced by valve closures and can indicate potential heart problems (e.g., murmurs).

Common cardiac symptoms include chest pain, arrhythmias, dyspnea, orthopnea, edema (swelling), nocturia (frequent urination at night), fatigue, cyanosis (blue skin), and pallor (pale skin).

Abnormal heart sounds indicating blood flow issues within the heart, possibly due to defects in the valves or structure.

Inflammation affecting all layers of the heart, impacting its ability to pump blood and regulate valve function.

Factors like diet, smoking, alcohol consumption, exercise, and drug use can significantly impact heart health.

Having a family history of heart conditions like hypertension, heart attacks, high cholesterol, or diabetes increases your risk.

Chest pain is a major symptom that needs immediate attention. It can be a sign of a heart attack, angina, or other serious conditions.

Chest pain caused by reduced blood flow to the heart during exertion, which is relieved by rest.

Chest pain can be caused by conditions other than heart problems, like inflammation of the lungs, acid reflux, muscle pain, or anxiety.

A mnemonic used to assess chest pain. It stands for Onset, Location, Duration, Characteristic, Aggravating factors, Relieving factors, Treatment.

Edema is swelling due to excessive fluid in the body's tissues.

Edema where the skin retains an indentation after pressure is applied.

An extra heart sound heard during heart failure, often described as a "lub-dub-dee" rhythm. It indicates the heart is struggling to fill effectively.

The swelling of the jugular vein in the neck, often a sign of heart failure or other conditions where the blood is backing up in the veins.

Difficulty breathing when lying flat, a symptom often associated with heart failure or fluid buildup in the lungs.

Rattling sounds heard during breathing, indicating fluid in the lungs, often associated with heart failure.

Swelling in the extremities, especially the ankles and feet, often a sign of fluid buildup due to heart failure or other circulatory problems.

Measures taken to prevent blood clots (deep vein thrombosis - DVT and pulmonary embolism - PE) in high-risk individuals.

Special stockings worn to help prevent blood clots by applying pressure to the legs, often used for patients at risk for DVT.

A type of blood thinner injected under the skin to help prevent blood clots.

Swelling caused by a blood clot in a deep vein, typically affecting one leg.

A network of vessels and nodes that collect excess fluid and waste products from the body and return them to the bloodstream. Think of the lymphatic system as the 'drainage' system of your body.