Cardiac Valvular Disorders Overview

What is the primary cause of the narrowing of the aortic valve in aortic stenosis?

In aortic stenosis, the left ventricle contracts less forcefully to compensate for the difficulty in ejecting blood.

Name one major cause of aortic stenosis.

For patients who are high risk for traditional open-heart surgery, a ______ can be performed instead.

Match the aortic stenosis symptom with its description:

Which of these diagnostic tests is commonly used to show enlargement of the left ventricle and left atrium?

Valvotomy is often used as a first-treatment option for aortic stenosis.

What type of murmur is associated with aortic stenosis?

Which diagnostic method is used to show valve abnormalities and identify mitral regurgitation?

MVP always requires surgical repair or replacement of the valve.

What lifestyle changes can help prevent symptoms in someone with MVP?

Rheumatic fever is the major cause of ______.

Which of the following is a treatment option for superficial thrombophlebitis?

Match the following symptoms with their appropriate conditions:

Compression ultrasonography is unreliable for diagnosing suspected DVT.

Which of the following symptoms did Mr. Goldfarb report?

In mitral stenosis, the pressure rises in the right ventricle due to increased blood volume.

What is the primary goal of treatment for DVTs?

What major childhood disease is associated with older adults who develop mitral stenosis?

Early mobilization in patients with a DVT has shown a decrease in ______.

What diagnostic test is used to assess suspected DVT?

Anticoagulants are typically required for the treatment of superficial thrombophlebitis.

Name a situation in which a venous thrombectomy might be necessary.

Match the medical terms with their correct descriptions:

Which condition is caused by an infection of the endocardium primarily in hearts with artificial or damaged valves?

Chest pain after cardiac surgery is always from anginal or MI-associated pain.

What is the condition called when blood flow erodes the endocardium's resistance to infection?

Cardiac surgery patients may have a chest tube to monitor drainage. Report amounts above ______ per hour to prevent complications.

Match the heart layer with the condition it can develop when inflamed:

What tools can be used to communicate with an intubated patient?

Diaphragm elevation can be detected through a chest X-ray.

Which group of people is more susceptible to developing infective endocarditis?

Which of the following symptoms indicate circulatory impairment?

The patient should participate in diversional activities during IV therapy for increased self-esteem.

Name two objective data findings that are commonly collected for patients with infective endocarditis.

An increased erythrocyte sedimentation rate is a common finding in patients with ______.

Which diagnostic test is used to identify heart enlargement in patients with potential cardiac issues?

Hematuria is a subjective data finding collected for patients with infective endocarditis.

List one cardiovascular symptom associated with infective endocarditis.

Match the following conditions with the appropriate symptom or finding:

What is the recommended therapeutic INR range for a patient on warfarin with a mechanical heart valve?

Orthostatic hypertension is a common issue in older adults.

Vitamin K plays a crucial role in the blood clotting process.

What should be checked for before administering warfarin to ensure patient safety?

An INR range of ______ to 3 is therapeutic for patients on warfarin who have a blood clot.

Which of the following is an essential part of patient education for those at high risk for infective endocarditis?

What is the primary focus when caring for older patients in terms of activity?

Match the following nursing considerations with their description: