Cardiac Physiology Matching Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Match the following action potentials with their characteristics:

Skeletal AP = 1-2 msec in duration Cardiac AP = 100-250 msec in duration Voltage-gated Na+ channels = Responsible for rapid depolarization Voltage-gated K+ channels = Involved in repolarization phase

Match the ion channels with their roles in cardiac action potentials:

Voltage-gated Na+ channels = Initiate action potentials Voltage-gated K+ channels = Responsible for repolarization Voltage-gated Ca2+ channels = Prolong action potentials K+ leak channels = Set resting membrane potential

Match the potentials with the corresponding ion:

EK+ = -94 mV ENa+ = +71 mV ECa2+ = +132 mV Resting membrane potential = Close to EK+

Match the phases of cardiac action potentials with their voltage-gated channels status:

Resting phase (Phase 4) = All voltage-gated channels are closed Depolarization = Na+ channels are open Repolarization = K+ channels are open Plateau phase = Ca2+ channels are open Signup and view all the answers

Match the gradient types with their effects on K+ movement:

Concentration gradient = Drives K+ out of cells Electrical gradient = Drives K+ into cells Equilibrium potential for K+ = Approximately resting membrane potential K+ leak channels = Facilitate K+ movement at resting potential Signup and view all the answers

Match the phases of cardiac muscle contraction with their descriptions:

Aortic valve opens = Blood is ejected into the aorta Ventricular repolarization = T wave appears on ECG Isovolumic relaxation = Ventricle pressure decreases steeply AV valve opens = Blood flows into the ventricle Signup and view all the answers

Match the types of blood pressures with their characteristics:

Additive pressure = Used when the vessel is below the heart Subtractive pressure = Used when the vessel is above the heart Ventricular pressure = Must be sufficient to reach the brain Atrial pressure = Surpasses ventricular pressure during filling Signup and view all the answers

Match the components of the fluid dynamics in circulation with their equations:

P + ρgh = Pressure types are additive below the heart Gradient = Describes movement from high to low pressure g = Gravitational effect on pressure h = Height difference in the circulation system Signup and view all the answers

Match the statements about cardiac function with their implications:

S2 sound = Aortic valve closure during relaxation Increased aortic pressure = Occurs after blood ejection Pressure lower than the left ventricle = Preconditions for AV valve opening Left atrial pressure = Must surpass ventricular pressure for filling Signup and view all the answers

Match the motivational statements with their meanings:

'Stop saying I wish' = Encouragement for action 'Start saying I will' = Affirmation of intent 'Dr. Mohamed Abedal-Majed' = Author of the motivational statement Date 19-3-2022 = Contextual reference for the statements Signup and view all the answers

Match the following components of the blood flow pathway with their respective descriptions:

R ventricle = Pumps poorly oxygenated blood to the lungs L atrium = Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs L ventricle = Pumps oxygenated blood to the body R atrium = Receives poorly oxygenated blood from the body Signup and view all the answers

Match the following circulatory processes with their respective type:

Pulmonary circulation = Low pressure circulation Systemic circulation = High pressure circulation Delivery of oxygenated blood to tissues = Systemic circulation Delivery of blood to lungs = Pulmonary circulation Signup and view all the answers

Match the following blood vessels with their function in the circulatory system:

Pulmonary artery = Carries blood to the lungs Pulmonary vein = Carries blood to the left atrium Aorta = Carries blood to systemic vessels Vena cava = Returns blood to the right atrium Signup and view all the answers

Match the following segments of the blood flow with their sequence in normal circulation:

Pulmonary vessels = Receive blood from the pulmonary artery Systemic vessels = Distribute blood from the aorta Vena cava = Brings blood to the right atrium Aorta = Distributes blood from the left ventricle Signup and view all the answers

Match the following terms with their corresponding type of blood they carry:

Oxygenated blood = Pulmonary vein and aorta Poorly oxygenated blood = Pulmonary artery and vena cava Systemic circulation = Delivers oxygenated blood Pulmonary circulation = Delivers deoxygenated blood Signup and view all the answers

Match the following functional characteristics of the heart with their role:

R ventricle role = Pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs L atrium role = Receives oxygenated blood from the lungs L ventricle role = Pumps oxygenated blood to the body R atrium role = Receives deoxygenated blood from the body Signup and view all the answers

Match the parts of the cardiac conduction system with their descriptions:

SA node = Pacemaker of the heart that initiates action potentials AV node = Delays electrical conduction between atria and ventricles Bundle of His = Transmits action potentials through the interventricular septum Purkinje fibers = Facilitates rapid conduction to ventricular myocytes Signup and view all the answers

Match the following systems with their primary function:

Pulmonary system = Exchange of gases in the lungs Systemic system = Distribution of oxygen to body tissues Vascular system = Transport of blood throughout the body Circulatory system = Maintains blood flow and pressure Signup and view all the answers

Match the sequence of cardiac events with their corresponding actions:

Atrial contraction = Both atria contract almost simultaneously Ventricular contraction = Both ventricles contract almost simultaneously Pause in conduction = Slow propagation through AV node Heart relaxation = Heart relaxes and refills with blood Signup and view all the answers

Match the structures with their primary function in the heart:

Atria = Receive blood returning to the heart Ventricles = Pump blood out of the heart Bundle branches = Transmit impulses to left and right ventricles Cardiac myocytes = Generate and propagate action potentials Signup and view all the answers

Match the following anatomical structures with their respective positions:

Left atrium = Receives blood from the pulmonary veins Right ventricle = Pumps blood into the pulmonary artery Left ventricle = Pumps blood into the aorta Right atrium = Receives blood from the vena cavae Signup and view all the answers

Match the phases of the cardiac action potential with their characteristics:

Phase 0 = Rapid depolarization due to sodium influx Phase 1 = Initial repolarization due to potassium efflux Phase 2 = Plateau phase with calcium influx Phase 3 = Final repolarization as potassium exits the cell Signup and view all the answers

Match the components of the conduction system with their roles:

SA node = Start of the electrical impulse AV node = Regulates the pace of ventricular contraction Bundle of His = Links atrial contraction to ventricular contraction Purkinje fibers = Ensure synchronized contraction of ventricles Signup and view all the answers

Match the cardiac structures with their locations:

SA node = Located in the right atrium AV node = Located between atria and ventricles Bundle branches = Located along the interventricular septum Purkinje fibers = Spread throughout the ventricular myocardium Signup and view all the answers

Match the cardiac events with their timing:

Atrial contraction = Immediately after SA node depolarization AV node conduction = Brief pause in the heart's electrical activity Ventricular contraction = Follows AV node signal transmission Heart refill phase = Occurs after ventricular contraction Signup and view all the answers

Match the cardiac conduction properties with their characteristics:

Automaticity = Ability of cardiac cells to generate action potentials Conductivity = Capacity to transmit impulses through the myocardium Refractoriness = Period following an action potential where cells cannot be re-stimulated Excitability = Responsiveness of cardiac cells to electrical stimuli Signup and view all the answers

Match the phases of the cardiac cycle with their descriptions:

Diastole = Left ventricular pressure is low Atrial depolarization = P wave on ECG Isovolumetric contraction = AV valve closes but aortic valve yet to open Systole = Ventricular chamber pressure increases Signup and view all the answers

Match the heart sounds with their causes:

S1 = Closing of the AV valve S2 = Closing of the aortic valve S3 = Rapid ventricular filling S4 = Atrial contraction Signup and view all the answers

Match the cardiac muscle actions with their effects:

Contraction of cardiac muscle = Increases ventricular chamber pressure Relaxation of cardiac muscle = Decreases ventricular chamber pressure Closure of AV valves = End of diastole, beginning of systole Closure of semilunar valves = End of systole, beginning of diastole Signup and view all the answers

Match the ECG components with their corresponding events:

P wave = Atrial depolarization QRS complex = Ventricle depolarization T wave = Ventricular repolarization U wave = Possible after-depolarization Signup and view all the answers

Match the terms associated with heart pressure dynamics:

Left atrial pressure = Lower than left ventricular pressure during diastole Ventricular pressure = Higher than aortic pressure during isovolumetric contraction Aortic pressure = Higher than left ventricular pressure during diastole AV valve = Opens when left atrial pressure is greater than left ventricular pressure Signup and view all the answers

Match the stages of the cardiac cycle with their corresponding events:

Ventricular filling = Atrial contraction occurs Isovolumetric contraction = All valves are closed Ejection phase = SL valves open Ventricular relaxation = AV valves reopen Signup and view all the answers

Match the effects of cardiac muscle contraction and relaxation:

Increase in ventricular pressure = Contraction of cardiac muscle Decrease in ventricular pressure = Relaxation of cardiac muscle Closure of AV valves = Transition to systole Opening of AV valves = Transition to diastole Signup and view all the answers

Match the components of the cardiac cycle with their timing:

S1 = Beginning of ventricular systole S2 = Beginning of diastole AV valve opens = During diastole SL valve closes = End of systole Signup and view all the answers

Match the components of the Baroreceptor reflex with their functions:

Baroreceptors = Sense changes in vessel stretch/distention CNS = Inhibits sympathetic efferent signaling Sympathetic signaling = Increases blood pressure Parasympathetic signaling = Decreases heart rate Signup and view all the answers

Match the situation with the corresponding Baroreceptor reflex response:

Loss of blood (↓ 40-50 mm Hg) = Limits decrease in pressure to 10-15 mm Hg Hypertension = Regulates blood pressure around a new normal Rapid blood pressure change = Mechanism acts within ≤ 1 sec Blood pressure increase = Stimulates sympathetic efferent signaling Signup and view all the answers

Match the term with its description in the context of Baroreceptor reflexes:

Afferent signals = Sent to the CNS Efferent signals = Impacts autonomic signaling Vessel distention = Indicator of blood pressure Mechanoreceptors = Embedded in the walls of blood vessels Signup and view all the answers

Match the aspect of blood pressure regulation with its characteristic:

Rapid response = Regulates blood pressure within ≤ 1 sec Long-term adaptation = Adjusts to hypertension as the new normal CNS stimulation of parasympathetic signaling = Helps decrease blood pressure CNS role = Coordinates the autonomic nervous system responses Signup and view all the answers

Match the baroreceptor reflex mechanisms to their outcomes:

CNS inhibits sympathetic signaling = Reduces heart rate and blood pressure Baroreceptor activation = Prevents extreme drops in blood pressure Alteration of autonomic signaling = Minimizes blood pressure changes Rapid adjustments = Responds to immediate changes in blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Physiology (0603302) - Ch.3 Cardiac Physiology

Course: Physiology (0603302)
Chapter: Cardiac Physiology
Semester: Summer 2023/2024
Instructor: Dr. Mohammad A. Abedal-Majed
Institution: School of Agriculture, The University of Jordan

Cardiac Physiology - Additional Information

Numerous online resources are available for further learning, including 3D animations explaining the human circulatory system.
Specific video links are listed in the provided document, including animations of human heart anatomy, physiology, how the heart works, and the circulatory system and blood pathways through the heart.

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Description

Test your knowledge of cardiac action potentials, ion channels, and the circulatory system through this matching quiz. Match various components, phases, and descriptions related to cardiac function and blood circulation. Perfect for students in advanced biology or medical courses.