Cardiac Conduction Abnormalities and Defibrillation
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Questions and Answers

What is the primary goal when treating a patient with PEA?

  • Treat the underlying cause (correct)
  • Treat the symptoms
  • Order a dopamine IV drip
  • Administer atropine

    • What is the treatment for a patient with profound bradycardia and symptomatic slow heart rate?

  • Administer calcium
  • Order Ringer's lactate and type & screen
  • Apply external pacemaker pads
  • Give atropine and consider dopamine IV drip (correct)

    • What is the characteristic of a 3:1 conduction deficit in a patient with Second Degree Heart Block Type 2?

  • A heart rate of 60 bpm with a 2:1 conduction deficit
  • A heart rate of 100 bpm with a 1:1 conduction deficit
  • A heart rate of 35 bpm with a 3:1 conduction deficit (correct)
  • A very slow heart rate of 120 bpm

    • What is the distinguishing feature of Third Degree Heart Block?

    <p>No communication between the top and bottom parts of the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary treatment for a patient with Third Degree Heart Block?

    <p>Need a pacemaker</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of checking the relationship between P waves and QRS in diagnosing heart blocks?

    <p>To determine the type of heart block</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a 2nd Degree AV Block Type 2, what is the characteristic pattern of P waves and QRS complexes?

    <p>P waves with a constant PR interval and occasional dropped QRS complexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between 2nd Degree AV Block Type 2 and 3rd Degree Heart Block?

    <p>The complete dissociation between atria and ventricle in 3rd Degree Heart Block</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common indicator of heart block?

    <p>More P waves than QRS complexes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the consequence of shocking asystole?

    <p>It can block later efforts to restore cardiac conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the treatment for 3rd Degree Heart Block?

    <p>Pacemaker implantation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of 1st degree AV block?

    <p>A delay in the P wave with a prolongation of the PRI</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the indication of a 2nd degree AV block Type 1?

    <p>A progressive lengthening of the PR interval until a QRS is dropped</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between cardioversion and defibrillation?

    <p>The timing of the therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the underlying cause of heart block?

    <p>Injury or illness in an area of the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of having more P waves than QRS complexes?

    <p>It is a sign of heart block</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the 2nd degree AV block Type 1 pattern?

    <p>Mobitz 1</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why does a 2nd degree AV block Type 1 occur?

    <p>The QRS is not being conducted due to a delay in the P wave</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)?

    <p>Blocking the effects of angiotensin II at the receptor site</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Hydralazine on venous return and preload?

    <p>Decreases venous return and preload</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of beta-blockers in patients with heart disease?

    <p>Reducing the effects of the constant stimulation of the SNS</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of Digitalis on the heart rate?

    <p>Decreases the heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of Isosorbide?

    <p>Vasodilation and decreasing blood supply back to the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of Milrinone in reducing cardiac workload?

    <p>Delays release of calcium from intracellular reserves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of Dobutamine on cardiac function?

    <p>Increases AV conduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications is used to treat acute decompensated heart failure?

    <p>Dobutamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason for hospitalizing patients with brand new CHF for a 'Dobutamine tuneup'?

    <p>To help the heart beat and pump more effectively</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of Milrinone on preload and afterload?

    <p>Decreases preload and afterload</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of pharmacologic therapy in patients with heart failure?

    <p>To decrease afterload and promote vasodilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is commonly used to help the heart pump more effectively in patients with heart failure?

    <p>Digoxin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of ACE inhibitors on the progression of heart failure?

    <p>They slow the progression of heart failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following medications is used to hide excess volume in the vasculature in patients with heart failure?

    <p>Vasodilators</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of using ACE inhibitors in patients with heart failure?

    <p>They prevent left ventricular remodeling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for using lidocaine in dysrhythmia treatment?

    <p>To treat ventricular tachycardia in cardiac arrest</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential concern when using lidocaine in elderly patients with dysrhythmias?

    <p>It can lead to confusion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When should metoprolol (lopressor) be held in a patient with a heart attack?

    <p>When the systolic blood pressure is less than 100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of using amiodarone in treating ventricular tachycardia?

    <p>To break the rhythm and restore a normal heartbeat</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of stents are used to prevent restenosis of coronary arteries?

    <p>Drug-eluting stents</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern when administering nitroglycerin to a patient who has taken sildenafil or silace?

    <p>Risk of significant drop in blood pressure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are ACE Inhibitors typically held back for 72 hours in patients with heart disease?

    <p>To allow for stabilization of the patient's condition</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of administering morphine to a patient with heart disease?

    <p>Decreased anxiety and apprehension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of a patient not experiencing relief after 3 or more nitroglycerin doses 5 minutes apart?

    <p>Red flag for a heart attack</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern when using ACE Inhibitors in patients with renal impairment?

    <p>Risk of further renal impairment</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action for medications prescribed to prevent arrhythmias in the acute phase of heart damage?

    <p>Blocking sodium channels to reduce electrical instability</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary goal of prescribing beta-blockers to patients with heart disease?

    <p>To reduce the workload of the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is used to prevent further complications in patients with a history of heart damage and decreased ejection fraction?

    <p>Beta-blockers</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of prescribing medications that block sodium channels in patients with heart disease?

    <p>Preventing arrhythmias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which medication is used to prevent electrical instability in patients with heart disease?

    <p>Amiodarone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of synthetic BNP in patients with acute decompensated heart failure?

    <p>Arterial and venous dilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for the use of anticoagulants in patients with heart failure?

    <p>To reduce the risk of venous thromboembolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the antidote for heparin overdose?

    <p>Protamine sulfate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary side effect of Amiodorone that is a concern in patients with heart failure?

    <p>Lung problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of resynchronization therapy in patients with stage 4 heart failure?

    <p>Improves symptoms and quality of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of Amiodorone in patients with heart failure?

    <p>Anti-arrhythmic effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary indication for the use of Internal Cardiodefibrillator (ICD) in patients with heart failure?

    <p>To reduce the risk of sudden cardiac death</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary effect of Heparin SQ on patients with heart failure?

    <p>Reduces the risk of venous thromboembolism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary concern when using Amiodorone in patients with heart failure?

    <p>Thyroid problems and lung problems</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary benefit of resynchronization therapy in patients with stage 4 heart failure?

    <p>Improves symptoms and quality of life</p> Signup and view all the answers

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