Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the primary event in chemical carcinogenesis?
What is the primary event in chemical carcinogenesis?
- Viral oncogenesis
- Promotion
- Cocarcinogenesis
- Initiation (correct)
What is the role of a promoter in chemical carcinogenesis?
What is the role of a promoter in chemical carcinogenesis?
- A promoter is responsible for tumor suppression
- A promoter is responsible for initiation
- A promoter enhances the carcinogenic process (correct)
- A promoter is a carcinogenic agent itself
What is the outcome of clonal expansion of initiated cells?
What is the outcome of clonal expansion of initiated cells?
- Apoptosis
- Immune response
- Tumor suppression
- Accumulation of additional mutations (correct)
What is the common characteristic of DNA viruses in viral carcinogenesis?
What is the common characteristic of DNA viruses in viral carcinogenesis?
What is the process by which viral genomic RNA sequences are transcribed into DNA in RNA viruses?
What is the process by which viral genomic RNA sequences are transcribed into DNA in RNA viruses?
What is the condition that favors viral oncogenesis?
What is the condition that favors viral oncogenesis?
What type of virus is HTLV-1?
What type of virus is HTLV-1?
Which type of cancer is strongly associated with high-risk HPV types 16 and 18?
Which type of cancer is strongly associated with high-risk HPV types 16 and 18?
What is the effect of UV light exposure on the skin?
What is the effect of UV light exposure on the skin?
Which of the following is NOT associated with HPV?
Which of the following is NOT associated with HPV?
What is the association between Kaposi sarcoma and AIDS?
What is the association between Kaposi sarcoma and AIDS?
Which type of radiation is associated with a variety of cancers?
Which type of radiation is associated with a variety of cancers?
What is the process of transforming normal cells to neoplastic cells by causing permanent genetic alterations?
What is the process of transforming normal cells to neoplastic cells by causing permanent genetic alterations?
What type of cancer is associated with the parasite Schistosoma haematobium?
What type of cancer is associated with the parasite Schistosoma haematobium?
What is the ultimate site of action of all carcinogens?
What is the ultimate site of action of all carcinogens?
What type of carcinogen requires metabolic conversion into active ultimate carcinogens?
What type of carcinogen requires metabolic conversion into active ultimate carcinogens?
What is the role of melanin in skin cancer?
What is the role of melanin in skin cancer?
What is a risk factor for breast and ovarian cancer?
What is a risk factor for breast and ovarian cancer?
What is an environmental agent that participates in the causation of tumors?
What is an environmental agent that participates in the causation of tumors?
What is the result of cumulative mutational events?
What is the result of cumulative mutational events?
What type of cancer is associated with the consumption of red or processed meat?
What type of cancer is associated with the consumption of red or processed meat?
What genes are associated with an increased predisposition to breast cancer?
What genes are associated with an increased predisposition to breast cancer?
How many carcinogens are necessary for the complete neoplastic transformation of a cell?
How many carcinogens are necessary for the complete neoplastic transformation of a cell?
What is the inheritance pattern of adenomatous polyposis coli?
What is the inheritance pattern of adenomatous polyposis coli?
Which of the following is a premalignant lesion of the cervix?
Which of the following is a premalignant lesion of the cervix?
What is the risk of carcinoma of the colon and rectum in adenomatous polyposis coli?
What is the risk of carcinoma of the colon and rectum in adenomatous polyposis coli?
In which chromosome is the APC gene located?
In which chromosome is the APC gene located?
What is the result of transplacental exposure to diethylstilbestrol?
What is the result of transplacental exposure to diethylstilbestrol?
Which cancer is at least 200 times more common in women than in men?
Which cancer is at least 200 times more common in women than in men?
