Carbon and its Compounds: Functional Groups and Heteroatoms
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Questions and Answers

What type of carbon compounds are normally not very reactive?

  • Hydrocarbons
  • Organic compounds
  • Saturated compounds (correct)
  • Unsaturated compounds
  • What is the formula of ethane?

  • C2H4
  • C3H8
  • C2H6 (correct)
  • CH4
  • How are the valencies of carbon atoms in saturated compounds satisfied?

  • By isolating themselves from other elements
  • By forming double bonds
  • By having unsatisfied valencies
  • By bonding to hydrogen atoms with single bonds (correct)
  • What is the name of a compound with the formula C2H4?

    <p>Ethene</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the reactivity of carbon compounds with increasing saturation?

    <p>Decreases</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the electron dot structure of ethane, how many hydrogen atoms does each carbon atom bond to?

    <p>Three hydrogen atoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the percentage of carbon present in the earth's crust in the form of minerals?

    <p>0.02%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT mentioned as being based on carbon in the text?

    <p>Metals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is carbon considered a versatile element?

    <p>Because it is present in many compounds used in daily life</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is mentioned as a compound containing carbon in the text?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What makes carbon significant to humans according to the text?

    <p>Being the basis for various daily life materials</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what form is carbon found in the atmosphere?

    <p>Carbon dioxide</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the term used to refer to an element that replaces hydrogen in a hydrocarbon chain?

    <p>Heteroatom</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following functional groups is represented by -OH?

    <p>Alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What do free valencies of a functional group in a carbon compound indicate?

    <p>The specific properties conferred by the functional group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In carbon compounds, what is the term used for the group -Cl and -Br?

    <p>Halogen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT one of the important functional groups mentioned in Table 4.3?

    <p>Ester</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a homologous series in carbon compounds refer to?

    <p>Chains with similar structures but different functional groups</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of functional group does propanone contain?

    <p>Ketone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the molecule CH3Cl, how many covalent bonds are present?

    <p>3</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the bottom of a cooking vessel to get blackened on the outside?

    <p>The fuel is not burning completely</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How can ethanol and ethanoic acid be distinguished based on their physical and chemical properties?

    <p>Ethanol has a fruity smell, while ethanoic acid has a vinegar-like smell.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why are carbon and its compounds commonly used as fuels?

    <p>They have high calorific values and are easily available.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes the formation of scum when hard water is treated with soap?

    <p>The soap reacts with the water minerals to form insoluble salts.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What physical properties increase with increasing molecular mass in a homologous series?

    <p>Melting and boiling points</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How are the chemical properties of compounds in a homologous series primarily determined?

    <p>By the functional group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound has a molecular formula that shows an increase of CH2 between CH3OH, C2H5OH, C3H7OH, and C4H9OH?

    <p>C3H7OH to C4H9OH</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In naming carbon compounds, what part of the compound's structure is used to determine the name?

    <p>Number of carbon atoms and functional group</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of a carbon compound's name indicates the nature of the functional group present?

    <p>Prefix</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What naming method is used for carbon compounds with functional groups?

    <p>&quot;Prefix&quot; naming method</p> Signup and view all the answers

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