Carbohydrates: Types, Functions, and Importance in the Body

Definition and Classification

• Carbohydrates are biomolecules that serve as energy sources for the body
• Classified into three main categories:
  1. Monosaccharides (simple sugars): cannot be broken down further into simpler sugars
     • Examples: glucose, fructose, galactose
  2. Disaccharides: composed of two monosaccharides bonded together
     • Examples: sucrose (glucose + fructose), lactose (glucose + galactose)
  3. Polysaccharides: composed of three or more monosaccharides bonded together
     • Examples: starch, glycogen, cellulose

Functions in the Body

• Primary source of energy for the body
• Broken down into glucose, which is then used by cells for energy production
• Excess carbohydrates can be stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles
• Important for proper brain function and development

Sources of Carbohydrates

• Plant-based sources:
  • Fruits, vegetables, grains, legumes, and nuts
  • Examples: bread, rice, pasta, potatoes, corn
• Animal-based sources:
  • Dairy products, such as milk and cheese
  • Examples: lactose in milk, glycogen in meat

Importance of Carbohydrates in the Diet

• Provide energy for the body
• Help maintain healthy blood sugar levels
• Important for athletic performance and endurance
• Can help with weight management and satiety

Test your knowledge on carbohydrates, including their types, functions, and importance in the body. Learn about the different sources of carbohydrates and how they are used for energy production. Dive into the world of biology and nutrition!