Carbohydrates in Biology

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary function of cellulose in plants?

  • Nutrient transport
  • Structural support (correct)
  • Energy storage
  • Photosynthesis enhancement

Why can't humans digest cellulose?

  • They lack cellulose in their diet
  • They lack the enzyme cellulase (correct)
  • They have a different digestive system
  • They do not consume enough fiber

What unique characteristic does chitin have compared to cellulose?

  • It provides energy storage
  • It is composed of modified glucose (correct)
  • It is found in plant cell walls
  • It is the primary component of human tissues

Where can chitin be found in nature?

<p>In the exoskeleton of arthropods (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common organic compound on Earth?

<p>Cellulose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What constitutes a disaccharide?

<p>Two sugars linked by dehydration synthesis (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a function of polysaccharides?

<p>Storage of energy (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which carbohydrate serves as a structural element in plant cell walls?

<p>Cellulose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of maltose?

<p>Glucose + Glucose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which substance is primarily used for energy storage in animals?

<p>Glycogen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Cellulose function

Supports plant cell walls; most common organic compound on Earth.

Cellulose digestion

Humans cannot digest cellulose due to lacking the cellulase enzyme.

Chitin composition

Modified glucose; structural polysaccharide.

Chitin location

Exoskeletons of arthropods; cell walls of some fungi.

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Disaccharides

Two sugar units linked through dehydration synthesis, used for transport and energy storage.

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Sucrose

Disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose.

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Maltose

Disaccharide of two glucose molecules.

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Lactose

Disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose.

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Polysaccharides

Many sugar units linked together.

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Starch

Plant's energy storage polysaccharide.

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Glycogen

Animal energy storage polysaccharide.

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Cellulose

Plant structural polysaccharide.

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Chitin

Structural polysaccharide in exoskeletons and fungal cell walls.

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