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Carbohydrates: Functions and Digestion

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Questions and Answers

What is the principal function of carbohydrates in the body?

Serving as an immediate source of energy for the body

Functioning as key signaling molecules in intercellular communication

Acting as structural components in the cell membrane

Providing a significant fraction of dietary calories (correct)

Which enzymes are responsible for catalyzing carbohydrate digestion?

Proteases

Glycoside hydrolases (glycosidases) (correct)

Amylases

Lipases

What are the final products of carbohydrate digestion that are absorbed by cells of the small intestine?

Monosaccharides (correct)

Disaccharides

Oligosaccharides

Polysaccharides

Which enzyme briefly acts on dietary starch and glycogen during mastication?

Salivary α-amylase Signup and view all the answers

What is the full set of carbohydrates produced by an organism known as?

Glycome Signup and view all the answers

Where does carbohydrate digestion primarily occur?

Mouth and intestinal lumen Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary reason why carbohydrate digestion halts temporarily in the stomach?

Inactivation of salivary α-amylase by high acidity Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme cleaves the β(1,4) bond in lactose during carbohydrate digestion?

Lactase Signup and view all the answers

Where do the final digestive processes for carbohydrates primarily occur?

Duodenum and upper jejunum Signup and view all the answers

What is the enzymic activity of the protein sucrase-isomaltase complex?

Cleaves α(1,2) bonds Signup and view all the answers

How is fructose absorbed by enterocytes?

Energy-independent monosaccharide transporter Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme cleaves the α(1,4) glycosidic bonds in dextrins?

Maltase-glucoamylase Signup and view all the answers