Carbohydrates Classification Quiz
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Questions and Answers

Which type of carbohydrates are composed of many sugar molecules?

  • Disaccharides
  • Monosaccharides
  • Complex carbohydrates (correct)
  • Simple carbohydrates

    • Which monosaccharide is known as grape sugar?

  • Galactose
  • Fructose
  • Glucose (correct)
  • Sucrose

    • What is the main function of glucose in the body?

  • To sweeten fruit juices
  • To store fat
  • To provide energy to body cells (correct)
  • To form lactose in milk

    • Which monosaccharide is found naturally in milk and dairy foods?

    <p>Galactose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when fructose is consumed?

    <p>Converted to glucose or stored as fat (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which carbohydrate represents the most abundant biomolecule on Earth?

    <p>Complex carbohydrates (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What role does blood glucose play in regulating insulin hormone?

    <p>Blood glucose activates insulin release (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is fructose commonly found?

    <p>In fruit juices (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of glucose in the body?

    <p>Starch (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does galactose combine with to form lactose?

    <p>Glucose (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of sugar is hydrolyzed by the lactase enzyme in the intestine?

    <p>Lactose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where is glycogen mainly present in the human body?

    <p>Liver (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following fibers is classified as a dietary fiber?

    <p>Beans (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which food group do refined grains belong?

    <p>Grains (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of carbohydrates in the body?

    <p>Energy production (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which disorder affects the body's ability to convert galactose to glucose?

    <p>Galactosemia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of fibers in the body?

    <p>Prevent constipation (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Total fibers' in the diet can be calculated by adding which two components?

    <p>'Dietary fibers' and 'functional fibers' (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hallmark symptom of Pompe disease?

    <p>Muscle weakness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme deficiency leads to Hurler syndrome?

    <p>Lysosomal enzyme for dermatan sulfate breakdown (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What causes lactose intolerance?

    <p>Genetic defect leading to lactase deficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which glycogen storage disease is also known as glycogen storage disease II?

    <p>Pompe disease (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of glucose-6-phosphatase?

    <p>Breaks down glycogen to glucose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a symptom of lactose intolerance?

    <p>Heart Disease (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of sugar substitutes?

    <p>To provide sweetness without adding calories (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which term refers to the effect a food has on blood glucose levels?

    <p>Glycemic response (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which glycogen storage disease is associated with hypoglycemia and lactic acidosis?

    <p>Glycogen storage disease 1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does glycemic load take into account that the glycemic index does not?

    <p>Carbohydrate amount in a serving of food (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biomolecule is composed of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms?

    <p>Carbohydrates (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of glucose in the human body?

    <p>Provide energy to the body cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of carbohydrates cannot be hydrolyzed further?

    <p>Monosaccharides (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the sweetest natural sugar among the following?

    <p>Fructose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Sucrose' is composed of glucose and which other monosaccharide?

    <p>Fructose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the hallmark symptom of Pompe disease?

    <p>Tissue Damage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme deficiency leads to Hurler syndrome?

    <p>lysosomal enzyme (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary role of sugar substitutes?

    <p>Provide sweetness without adding calories (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary source of glucose in the body?

    <p>Animal-based protein sources (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does glycemic response measure?

    <p>Effect of food on blood glucose levels (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What enzyme is responsible for hydrolyzing lactose in the intestine?

    <p>Sucrase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following serves as a form of energy storage in animals, fungi, and bacteria?

    <p>Glycogen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which carbohydrate is considered the least sweet of all sugars?

    <p>Lactose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of functional fibers in the diet?

    <p>Have beneficial effects on health (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which compound is synthesized and stored by plants like wheat, rice, corn, and potatoes?

    <p>Starch (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for breaking down maltose into glucose?

    <p>Maltase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a biological benefit of dietary fibers?

    <p>Reduce serum cholesterol levels (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of glycogen in the human body?

    <p>Release glucose into the blood (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does a deficiency of lactase enzyme lead to in the body?

    <p>Lactose intolerance (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which carbohydrate is the animal version of starch?

    <p>Glycogen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main source of carbohydrates in starchy vegetables like corn and lentils?

    <p>Starch (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which biomolecule is considered as the least sweet among all sugars?

    <p>Lactose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of fibers are indigestible polysaccharides that are natural components of plants?

    <p>'Dietary fibers' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    'Total fibers' in the diet can be calculated by adding which two components?

    <p>'Dietary fibers' and 'Functional fibers' (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following carbohydrates is the sweetest natural sugar?

    <p>Fructose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of functional fibers in the diet?

    <p>Aid in digestion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which monosaccharide combines with glucose to form lactose?

    <p>Galactose (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens when fructose is consumed?

    <p>Converted to glucose or stored as fat (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme is responsible for hydrolyzing lactose in the intestine?

    <p>Lactase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which condition is characterized by abnormal accumulation of complex sugars in cells?

    <p>Hunter syndrome (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary cause of Pompe disease?

    <p>Deficiency of acid maltase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which source of protein is considered beneficial for individuals with Pompe disease?

    <p>Animal-based protein (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What symptom is not associated with lactose intolerance?

    <p>Muscle weakness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Carbohydrates

    • Polysaccharides are carbohydrates composed of many sugar molecules.
    • Grape sugar is another name for the monosaccharide glucose.
    • Glucose plays a crucial role in the body as a primary source of energy for cells.

    Monosaccharides

    • Galactose is a monosaccharide found naturally in milk and dairy foods.
    • Fructose is commonly found in fruits, honey, and some vegetables.
    • When fructose is consumed, it is converted into glucose or stored as glycogen in the liver.

    Glycogen and Glucose

    • Glycogen is the most abundant biomolecule on Earth and is stored in the liver and muscles.
    • Blood glucose plays a crucial role in regulating insulin hormone, which helps to lower blood glucose levels.
    • The primary source of glucose in the body is the breakdown of glycogen stored in the liver.

    Lactose and Galactose

    • Galactose combines with glucose to form lactose, a disaccharide.
    • Lactose is hydrolyzed by the lactase enzyme in the intestine.
    • Lactose intolerance occurs when the body is unable to digest lactose due to a deficiency of lactase enzyme.

    Fibers

    • Dietary fibers are classified into soluble and insoluble fibers, which are indigestible polysaccharides found naturally in plants.
    • Total fibers in the diet can be calculated by adding soluble and insoluble fibers.
    • Functional fibers have beneficial physiological effects in the diet, including promoting regular bowel movements and supporting healthy blood sugar levels.

    Glycogen Storage Diseases

    • Pompe disease is a glycogen storage disease caused by a deficiency of the enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase, leading to an accumulation of glycogen in cells.
    • Hurler syndrome is a genetic disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme alpha-L-iduronidase.

    Enzymes and Reactions

    • The enzyme glucose-6-phosphatase plays a crucial role in regulating blood glucose levels.
    • Maltase is the enzyme responsible for breaking down maltose into glucose.
    • Lactase is the enzyme responsible for hydrolyzing lactose in the intestine.

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the classification of carbohydrates, including simple and complex carbohydrates, and monosaccharides. Learn about the role of carbohydrates in nutrition and their abundance in natural and processed foods.

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