Carbohydrates and Lipids Quiz 10/23

Questions and Answers

Which organic compound is correctly matched with the subunit that composes it?

Protein - Fatty Acid

Starch - Glucose (correct)

Lipid - Sucrose

Maltose - Amino Acid

Glucose and maltose are classified as organic compounds because they both are carbon-containing substances.

True

Which is an organic compound found in most cells?

Glucose

What is the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen atoms in a molecule of glucose?

2:1 Signup and view all the answers

A specific organic compound contains only the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the ratio of 1:2:1. This compound is probably a _____

Carbohydrate Signup and view all the answers

What are the end products of a carbohydrate hydrolysis reaction?

Simple sugars Signup and view all the answers

What is the chemical formula for a carbohydrate molecule?

C6H12O6 Signup and view all the answers

The linking together of many molecules of glucose may produce a molecule of _____

Starch Signup and view all the answers

Plants store carbohydrates in the form of _____

Starch Signup and view all the answers

Cellulose is formed from glucose molecules by a process known as _____

Dehydration synthesis Signup and view all the answers

In living organisms, lipids function mainly as _____

Sources of stored energy and components of cellular membranes Signup and view all the answers

In addition to carbon and hydrogen, a molecule of vegetable oil contains _____

Oxygen only Signup and view all the answers

Molecules consisting only of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms make up a large part of a plant cell wall. These molecules are classified as _____

Carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

Carbohydrates are primary _ _

Energy sources Signup and view all the answers

What are carbohydrates made up of?

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen (1C:2H:1O) Signup and view all the answers

Building blocks of carbs, known as a simple sugar are called _____

Monosaccharides Signup and view all the answers

Examples of monosaccharides are _____

Glucose, fructose, galactose Signup and view all the answers

Two monosaccharides; formed by dehydration synthesis are called _____

Disaccharides Signup and view all the answers

Examples of disaccharides are _____

Sucrose, lactose, maltose Signup and view all the answers

Made up of more than two monosaccharides is called _____

Polysaccharides Signup and view all the answers

Examples of polysaccharides are _____

Starches, glycogen, chitin Signup and view all the answers

What is glucose commonly known as?

Blood sugar Signup and view all the answers

Fructose is commonly known as _____

Fruit sugar Signup and view all the answers

Galactose is commonly known as _____

Milk sugar Signup and view all the answers

Sucrose is commonly known as _____

Table sugar Signup and view all the answers

Lactose is commonly known as _____

Milk sugar Signup and view all the answers

Maltose is commonly known as _____

Malt sugar Signup and view all the answers

Starches are _____

Stored in plants and cellulose (for structure in cell walls) Signup and view all the answers

Glycogen is _____

Animal starch (found in liver/muscles and broken down into glucose monomers) Signup and view all the answers

Chitin is _____

Found in fungi and arthropods; makes up exoskeletons (like a spider) Signup and view all the answers

Examples of lipids are _____

Olive oil, deep fried food Signup and view all the answers

What are lipids made up of?

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen but H to O ratio is not 2:1 Signup and view all the answers

Fatty acid is a _____

Monomer and glycerol Signup and view all the answers

What is it called that lipids cannot dissolve in water?

Hydrophobic molecules Signup and view all the answers

What are lipids used for?

Insulation, protection, and storage of energy Signup and view all the answers

store more energy per gram than _

Lipids, carbs Signup and view all the answers

What are the three types of lipids?

Fats, saturated, unsaturated Signup and view all the answers

Fat that is solid at room temperature, is in animals, and has no double bonds in tails, is called _____

Saturated fats Signup and view all the answers

Fats that are liquid at room temperature, are in plants, and have double bonds in structure are known as _____

Unsaturated fats Signup and view all the answers

Oils are used for _____

Cooking Signup and view all the answers

What are waxes used for?

Ears, plants (protection) Signup and view all the answers

Why are phospholipids important?

Cell structure and function since they make up cell membranes Signup and view all the answers

What are steroids?

Sex hormones (estrogen and testosterone) Signup and view all the answers

What is cholesterol?

In cell membranes, synthesized and regulated in the liver, build up in arteries and can lead to atherosclerosis Signup and view all the answers

Why is carbon dioxide not included as an organic compound?

Though it is carbon based, there is no hydrogen present Signup and view all the answers

How many valence electrons does carbon have? What kind of bonds form?

4, covalent Signup and view all the answers

Molecules that contain hydrogen and carbon are called _____

Hydrocarbons Signup and view all the answers

Carbon is made up of ____________

Hydrocarbons Signup and view all the answers

Example of a hydrocarbon:

Methane - fuel Signup and view all the answers

Carbon is based upon single units called ________

Monomers Signup and view all the answers

What are chains of monomers called?

Polymers or macromolecules Signup and view all the answers

Monomer + monomer - polymer + water (combining) is called _____

Dehydration synthesis Signup and view all the answers

Polymer + water - monomer + monomer (break down) is called _____

Hydrolysis Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is a ring?

Carbohydrates Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is a chain?

Lipids Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Carbohydrates Overview

Carbohydrates are organic compounds composed primarily of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, typically in a ratio of 1:2:1.
Glucose and maltose are classified as carbon-containing organic compounds.
Simple sugars or monosaccharides serve as the building blocks of carbohydrates, examples include glucose, fructose, and galactose.
Disaccharides, formed by dehydration synthesis of two monosaccharides, include sucrose, lactose, and maltose.
Polysaccharides are macromolecules made of more than two monosaccharides; examples are starches, glycogen, and chitin.
Starch serves as a storage form of carbohydrates in plants, while cellulose provides structural support in plant cell walls.
The chemical formula for glucose is C6H12O6, commonly referred to as blood sugar.
Hydrolysis of carbohydrates produces simple sugars, which can then be utilized for energy.

Lipids Overview

Lipids are primarily composed of carbon and hydrogen, but do not follow the 2:1 hydrogen to oxygen atomic ratio as carbohydrates.
Key functions of lipids include energy storage, insulation, and cellular membrane structure.
Common examples of lipids are fats, oils, waxes, and steroids.
Saturated fats are solid at room temperature, have no double bonds in their fatty acid chains, and are commonly found in animals.
Unsaturated fats are liquid at room temperature, contain double bonds in their fatty acids, and often have a "kinked" structure due to these bonds.
Phospholipids are crucial for cell structure and function as they compose cell membranes.
Cholesterol, a type of lipid that exists in cell membranes, is synthesized in the liver and can contribute to health issues like atherosclerosis if it builds up in the arteries.

Carbon Compounds and Bonding

Carbon, an essential element for life, has four valence electrons and forms covalent bonds.
Hydrocarbons, which contain only hydrogen and carbon, serve as the basis for organic compounds. An example is methane, a fuel source.
Monomers are the single units that combine to form larger structures, known as polymers or macromolecules.
Dehydration synthesis is the process of combining monomers into polymers while releasing water, while hydrolysis is the breakdown of polymers into monomers using water.

Miscellaneous Facts

Carbon dioxide is not considered an organic compound because, despite being carbon-based, it lacks hydrogen.
Carbohydrate molecules often exhibit ring structures, whereas lipid molecules predominantly have chain structures.

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Description

Test your knowledge on carbohydrates and lipids with this engaging quiz! Explore concepts around organic compounds and their subunits, as well as their significance in biology. Perfect for students studying biology and organic chemistry.

Carbohydrates and Lipids Quiz 10/23

Questions and Answers

Which organic compound is correctly matched with the subunit that composes it?

Glucose and maltose are classified as organic compounds because they both are carbon-containing substances.

Which is an organic compound found in most cells?

What is the ratio of hydrogen to oxygen atoms in a molecule of glucose?

A specific organic compound contains only the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in the ratio of 1:2:1. This compound is probably a _____

What are the end products of a carbohydrate hydrolysis reaction?

What is the chemical formula for a carbohydrate molecule?

The linking together of many molecules of glucose may produce a molecule of _____

Plants store carbohydrates in the form of _____

Cellulose is formed from glucose molecules by a process known as _____

In living organisms, lipids function mainly as _____

In addition to carbon and hydrogen, a molecule of vegetable oil contains _____

Molecules consisting only of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms make up a large part of a plant cell wall. These molecules are classified as _____

Carbohydrates are primary _________ _________

What are carbohydrates made up of?

Building blocks of carbs, known as a simple sugar are called _____

Examples of monosaccharides are _____

Two monosaccharides; formed by dehydration synthesis are called _____

Examples of disaccharides are _____

Made up of more than two monosaccharides is called _____

Examples of polysaccharides are _____

What is glucose commonly known as?

Fructose is commonly known as _____

Galactose is commonly known as _____

Sucrose is commonly known as _____

Lactose is commonly known as _____

Maltose is commonly known as _____

Starches are _____

Glycogen is _____

Chitin is _____

Examples of lipids are _____

What are lipids made up of?

Fatty acid is a _____

What is it called that lipids cannot dissolve in water?

What are lipids used for?

______ store more energy per gram than _______

What are the three types of lipids?

Fat that is solid at room temperature, is in animals, and has no double bonds in tails, is called _____

Fats that are liquid at room temperature, are in plants, and have double bonds in structure are known as _____

Oils are used for _____

What are waxes used for?

Why are phospholipids important?

What are steroids?

What is cholesterol?

Why is carbon dioxide not included as an organic compound?

How many valence electrons does carbon have? What kind of bonds form?

Molecules that contain hydrogen and carbon are called _____

Carbon is made up of ____________

Example of a hydrocarbon:

Carbon is based upon single units called ________

What are chains of monomers called?

Monomer + monomer - polymer + water (combining) is called _____

Polymer + water - monomer + monomer (break down) is called _____

Which structure is a ring?

Which structure is a chain?

Study Notes

Carbohydrates Overview

Lipids Overview

Carbon Compounds and Bonding

Miscellaneous Facts

Studying That Suits You

Description

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