5 Questions
What are carbohydrates and their functions?
Carbohydrates are the most abundant organic molecules in plants and animals. They function as storehouses of chemical energy, components of supportive structures, and essential components of nucleic acids.
Why are carbohydrates often referred to as saccharides?
Carbohydrates are often referred to as saccharides because of the sweet taste of the simpler members of the family, the sugars (Latin, saccharum, sugar).
What are monosaccharides and provide examples?
Monosaccharides are the monomers or 'building blocks' of carbohydrates. They do not react with water. Examples are glucose, fructose, and ribose.
Explain the structural characteristics of carbohydrates.
Structurally, carbohydrates are polyhydroxy aldehydes or ketones, or can give these substances when they are hydrolyzed. Carbohydrate chemistry involves the chemistry of aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, and the hemiacetals and acetals derived from them.
What is the significance of carbohydrates in genetically controlled development and growth of living cells?
Carbohydrates are essential components of nucleic acids (D-ribose and 2-deoxy-D-ribose), thereby affecting mechanisms for the genetically controlled development and growth of living cells.
Test your knowledge of carbohydrates with this quiz! Explore the functions and roles of carbohydrates in plants and animals, including their role in energy storage, structural support, and as essential components of nucleic acids.
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