Carbohydrate Structure and Function
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Questions and Answers

Where is glycogen typically found in hepatocytes?

  • Mitochondria
  • Large chloroplasts
  • Nucleus
  • Cytosol (correct)

What is the approximate diameter of a glycogen molecule?

  • 1000 nm
  • 10 nm
  • 21 nm (correct)
  • 100 nm

What is the primary function of cellulose in plants?

  • Photosynthesis
  • Energy storage
  • Structural support (correct)
  • Transportation of nutrients

What is the characteristic feature of amylose?

<p>Linear polymer (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How are glycogen and amylopectin similar?

<p>Both have branch points formed by α1→6 glycoside bonds (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of dextrans in dental plaque?

<p>Forming dental plaque (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the orientation of the carbon group at carbon 1 in a furanose ring?

<p>In the opposite direction of the OH group (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of starch and glycogen in cells?

<p>Energy storage (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the approximate percentage of glycogen in the wet weight of liver cells?

<p>7% to 12% (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a characteristic of amylose?

<p>Long, unbranched chains of glucose residues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the type of linkage found at the branch points in glycogen?

<p>(1 → 6) linkage (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In which type of cells is glycogen especially abundant?

<p>Both skeletal muscle cells and liver cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What determines whether a sugar belongs to the D or L series?

<p>The orientation of the —H and —OH groups around the carbon atom adjacent to the terminal alcohol carbon (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the property of glucose that causes it to rotate a beam of plane polarized light to the right?

<p>Optical activity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term used to describe the glucose solutions that rotate a beam of plane polarized light to the right?

<p>Dextrose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many isomers of glucose can be formed due to its four asymmetric carbon atoms?

<p>16 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of the enzymes responsible for the metabolism of naturally occurring monosaccharides?

<p>They are specific for the D configuration (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of anomer occurs when the OH on the anomeric carbon is trans to carbon 6?

<p>Alpha anomer (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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