Carbohydrates: Structure and Function
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Questions and Answers

What elements are carbohydrates composed of?

  • Carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen
  • Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (correct)
  • Carbon, oxygen, and nitrogen
  • Nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen

What is the ratio of hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms in carbohydrates?

  • 3:1
  • 1:1
  • 2:1 (correct)
  • 1:2

What are the building blocks of carbohydrates?

  • Glycerols
  • Saccharides (correct)
  • Fatty acids
  • Amino acids

Which of the following is a monosaccharide?

<p>Fructose (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of forming disaccharides called?

<p>Condensation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process links monosaccharides to form a polysaccharide?

<p>Condensation reaction (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What molecule is removed when two monosaccharides bind together?

<p>$H_2O$ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the monomer of starch?

<p>Glucose (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In what form do plants store glucose?

<p>Starch (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Carbohydrates

Organic compounds made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, with a 2:1 ratio of hydrogen to oxygen atoms.

Monosaccharides

Single-ring sugar units; the building blocks of carbohydrates.

Examples of monosaccharides

Glucose, fructose, and galactose

Glucose

The basic building block of all carbohydrates.

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Disaccharide formation

Formed when two monosaccharides join, releasing one water molecule.

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Polysaccharides

Long chains of monosaccharides linked by condensation reactions.

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Condensation Reaction

A reaction where two monosaccharides bind, releasing a water molecule.

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Types of Polysaccharides

Starch, glycogen, and cellulose.

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Polymers

Large molecules made of repeating single units (monomers).

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