Carbohydrates Overview

False (B)

To create monosaccharides from disaccharides.

<p>5, 90</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>SGLT-1 = Glucose and Galactose absorption with Na+ GLUT-5 = Fructose absorption GLUT-2 = Transport from intestine to blood</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oligosaccharides (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To recognize other cells, hormones, and viruses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>proteoglycans</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glycoproteins = Protein-rich (&gt;80%) Proteoglycans = Carbohydrate-rich, long chains Glycosylation = Posttranslational modification Glycosaminoglycans = Large amounts of water binding</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood group A (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Collagen, elastin, fibrillin-1, fibronectin.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>(C.H2O)n (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>glycosidic bond</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>monosaccharide</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Glucose = Monosaccharide Sucrose = Disaccharide Glycogen = Polysaccharide Cellulose = Structural Polysaccharide</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Starch (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>aldehyde and ketone</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>storage</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Starch (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Organic compounds containing a carbonyl group (aldehyde or ketone) and multiple hydroxyl groups.

A molecule with the same chemical formula but a different arrangement of atoms, leading to different properties.

Smallest unit of carbohydrate, like glucose or fructose.

Two monosaccharides linked together by a glycosidic bond.

A chain of more than two monosaccharides.

A carbohydrate with an aldehyde group.

A carbohydrate with a ketone group.

A polysaccharide that serves as the primary energy storage form in animals.

A structural polysaccharide found in plant cell walls.

A structural polysaccharide found in the exoskeletons of insects and crustaceans.

The breakdown of glycosidic bonds in carbohydrates, specifically targeting alpha (1->4) bonds in starch and other complex sugars.

Cells in the intestinal lining that absorb monosaccharides, the simplest form of sugars.

A transporter protein that facilitates glucose and galactose absorption into intestinal cells, driven by the movement of sodium ions, creating a favorable gradient.

A transporter protein that facilitates fructose absorption into intestinal cells, using a different mechanism than glucose and galactose.

A transporter protein responsible for moving glucose from the intestines into the bloodstream, distributing sugars throughout the body.

A type of polysaccharide that is a major energy storage molecule in plants. It is composed of two main forms: amylose and amylopectin.

A linear chain of glucose molecules linked by α-1,4 glycosidic bonds.

A branched chain of glucose molecules, with α-1,4 glycosidic bonds and α-1,6 glycosidic bonds at the branching points.

A complex molecule consisting of a core protein attached to negatively charged heteropolysaccharide chains called glycosaminoglycans (GAGs).

Long, unbranched chains of repeating disaccharide units, often sulfated, that are negatively charged. Found in proteoglycans.

A class of proteins to which oligosaccharides (glycans) are covalently attached. They are involved in various cellular functions.

The covalent attachment of a carbohydrate (glycan) to a protein. It is a common post-translational modification.

A major component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) that provides structural support and organizes cells within tissues.