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Questions and Answers
What are carbohydrates made of?
What are carbohydrates made of?
How are carbohydrates classified based on the number of sugar units?
How are carbohydrates classified based on the number of sugar units?
Which classification of carbohydrates contains more than 10 sugar units?
Which classification of carbohydrates contains more than 10 sugar units?
How are monosaccharides classified based on the number of carbon atoms?
How are monosaccharides classified based on the number of carbon atoms?
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According to the presence of aldehyde or ketone group, how are monosaccharides divided?
According to the presence of aldehyde or ketone group, how are monosaccharides divided?
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Which type of isomers differ in their functional groups?
Which type of isomers differ in their functional groups?
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Which polysaccharide is the chief storage form of carbohydrates in plants?
Which polysaccharide is the chief storage form of carbohydrates in plants?
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Which type of disaccharide has both anomeric carbons involved in the linkage?
Which type of disaccharide has both anomeric carbons involved in the linkage?
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What is the storage form of carbohydrates in animals, mainly present in skeletal muscles and liver?
What is the storage form of carbohydrates in animals, mainly present in skeletal muscles and liver?
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What is the function of cellulose in the diet?
What is the function of cellulose in the diet?
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Which heteropolysaccharide is sulfate free?
Which heteropolysaccharide is sulfate free?
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Which type of disaccharide has a free anomeric carbon in the second sugar unit?
Which type of disaccharide has a free anomeric carbon in the second sugar unit?
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What functional groups do Aldose-Ketose Isomers differ in?
What functional groups do Aldose-Ketose Isomers differ in?
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For what purpose is cellulose important in the diet?
For what purpose is cellulose important in the diet?
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Which type of disaccharide is formed of fructose and glucose and has both anomeric carbons involved in the linkage?
Which type of disaccharide is formed of fructose and glucose and has both anomeric carbons involved in the linkage?
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Which classification of carbohydrates contains 3-10 sugar units?
Which classification of carbohydrates contains 3-10 sugar units?
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How are monosaccharides classified based on the number of carbon atoms?
How are monosaccharides classified based on the number of carbon atoms?
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According to the presence of aldehyde or ketone group, how are monosaccharides divided?
According to the presence of aldehyde or ketone group, how are monosaccharides divided?
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Which heteropolysaccharide is sulfate free?
Which heteropolysaccharide is sulfate free?
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Which type of disaccharide has both anomeric carbons involved in the linkage?
Which type of disaccharide has both anomeric carbons involved in the linkage?
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What is the chief storage form of carbohydrates in plants?
What is the chief storage form of carbohydrates in plants?
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Which heteropolysaccharide is sulfate free?
Which heteropolysaccharide is sulfate free?
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How are monosaccharides classified based on the number of carbon atoms?
How are monosaccharides classified based on the number of carbon atoms?
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For what purpose is cellulose important in the diet?
For what purpose is cellulose important in the diet?
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What is the storage form of carbohydrates in animals, mainly present in skeletal muscles and liver?
What is the storage form of carbohydrates in animals, mainly present in skeletal muscles and liver?
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Which type of isomers differ in their functional groups?
Which type of isomers differ in their functional groups?
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What functional groups do Aldose-Ketose Isomers differ in?
What functional groups do Aldose-Ketose Isomers differ in?
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Which type of disaccharide has a free anomeric carbon in the second sugar unit?
Which type of disaccharide has a free anomeric carbon in the second sugar unit?
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Study Notes
Carbohydrate Structure
- Carbohydrates are made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms.
- Carbohydrates are classified based on the number of sugar units: monosaccharides, disaccharides, oligosaccharides, and polysaccharides.
Monosaccharides
- Monosaccharides are classified based on the number of carbon atoms: trioses (3 carbon atoms), tetroses (4 carbon atoms), pentoses (5 carbon atoms), hexoses (6 carbon atoms), and heptoses (7 carbon atoms).
- Monosaccharides are divided based on the presence of aldehyde or ketone group: aldoses (aldehyde group) and ketoses (ketone group).
- Aldose-ketose isomers differ in their functional groups: aldehyde and ketone.
Disaccharides
- Sucrose is a type of disaccharide that has both anomeric carbons involved in the linkage.
- Sucrose is formed of fructose and glucose.
Polysaccharides
- Polysaccharides are classified based on the number of sugar units: oligosaccharides (3-10 sugar units) and polysaccharides (more than 10 sugar units).
- Starch is the chief storage form of carbohydrates in plants.
- Glycogen is the storage form of carbohydrates in animals, mainly present in skeletal muscles and liver.
Importance of Carbohydrates
- Cellulose is important in the diet for its fiber content, providing bulk to stools and preventing constipation.
- Chitin is a heteropolysaccharide that is sulfate-free.
Isomers
- Functional group isomers differ in their functional groups.
Note: I have removed the duplicate questions and reorganized the notes to group similar topics together.
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Test your knowledge of the fundamental concepts of carbohydrate chemistry, including the chemical nature of carbohydrates and their classification based on the number of sugar units and carbons they contain.
