Capstone 3Q Periodic Test BPA Review Lesson on Research Methodology

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary purpose of a research methodology?

To describe the data extraction process

To outline the steps involved in conducting the research (correct)

To identify and select relevant studies for inclusion in a review

To present a cohesive assessment of the current state of knowledge

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a journal article?

Provides an insight into what is happening in the world of research, science, and academia

Usually has an abstract, introduction, methods, results, and discussion sections

Presents new experimental results

Gives an overview of current thinking on the topic (correct)

What is the purpose of a reviewed scientific article?

To present new experimental results

To give an overview of current thinking on the topic (correct)

To outline the steps involved in conducting the research

To identify and select relevant studies for inclusion in a review

What is the process of systematically identifying and selecting relevant studies for inclusion in a review called?

Study selection Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of collecting or retrieving disparate types of data from a variety of sources called?

Data extraction Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of literature synthesis?

To go beyond just describing what everyone has said and found Signup and view all the answers

What type of research aims to accurately describe a population, situation, or phenomenon?

Descriptive Signup and view all the answers

Which research design investigates relationships between variables without the researcher controlling them?

Correlational Signup and view all the answers

What does triangulation refer to in qualitative research?

Using multiple methods or data sources Signup and view all the answers

Which type of questions can descriptive research answer?

'What' questions Signup and view all the answers

In a correlation, what does it mean if the correlation is positive?

Strong relationship exists Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of the first set in measuring the differences of the second set?

To act as a constant Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of reviewing or evaluating documents in a methodical manner?

Document Analysis Signup and view all the answers

Which step involves looking onto the previous record and making necessary adjustments?

Research Process Introduction Signup and view all the answers

What is the list of questions used to gather data from respondents typically about their attitudes or opinions?

Questionnaire Signup and view all the answers

What step involves checking and analyzing the effects of variables in an experiment?

Actual Experimentation Signup and view all the answers

Which method involves selecting every tenth person or a specific number from a group to participate?

Systematic Sampling Signup and view all the answers

'Literature Review' typically falls under which part of the research process?

Introduction Signup and view all the answers

What term describes the process of performing various statistical operations on data?

Statistical data analysis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a type of quantitative research mentioned in the text?

Literature review Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of a literature review?

To critique and synthesize existing research Signup and view all the answers

When should a literature review be conducted in relation to a research problem?

Before or during the formulation of the research problem Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a library catalog?

To list all the items within a library Signup and view all the answers

In pre-computer times, how were library books indexed?

In card catalogs with author, title, and subject cards Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates an online database from a local database?

Accessibility over a network or the Internet Signup and view all the answers

Which step is involved in formulating a scientific problem?

Writing down the problem Signup and view all the answers

What characterizes applied research?

Development of practical solutions and technologies Signup and view all the answers

Which type of research focuses on broad generalizations from specific observations?

Inductive Research Signup and view all the answers

What is an essential characteristic of SMART research questions?

Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Relevant, Time-bound Signup and view all the answers

'Conducting experiments to test hypotheses' is part of which step in the scientific problem formulation?

Step 4: Conducting experiments to test hypotheses Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Research Methodology

Primary purpose is to provide a structured approach for conducting research, ensuring validity and reliability of results.
Involves systematic processes for collecting, analyzing, and interpreting data.

Characteristics of Journal Articles

Journal articles are peer-reviewed, have a clear structure, and present original research.
NOT characteristic: Opinions or informal commentary without evidence or citations.

Purpose of Reviewed Scientific Articles

To communicate findings of research to the scientific community.
Ensure quality and credibility through critical evaluation by experts in the field.

Systematic Review Process

Involves systematically identifying, selecting, and analyzing relevant studies to answer specific research questions.
Aims to minimize bias and maximize objectivity in literature synthesis.

Data Collection and Retrieval

The process of collecting or retrieving disparate types of data from various sources is called data triangulation.
This approach enriches the data by combining insights from different methodologies.

Literature Synthesis Purpose

Aims to integrate findings from multiple sources to identify trends, gaps, and patterns in research.
Helps to create a cohesive understanding of a particular research area.

Descriptive Research

Type of research that aims to accurately describe characteristics of a population, situation, or phenomenon.
Focused on providing detailed descriptions rather than causal explanations.

Research Design and Variables

Non-experimental research design investigates relationships between variables without direct manipulation or control by the researcher.
Allows for observation of natural correlations.

Triangulation in Qualitative Research

Refers to using multiple data sources, methods, or researchers to enhance the credibility of the findings.
Reduces the impact of biases or limitations inherent in any single approach.

Questions Descriptive Research Can Answer

Can answer "what" questions, focusing on the existence and characteristics rather than causality.

Positive Correlation Explanation

A positive correlation indicates that as one variable increases, the other variable also tends to increase.
Reflects a direct relationship between the two variables.

Measuring Differences in Sets

The primary purpose of measuring differences in one set against another is to understand the effect of an independent variable on a dependent variable.

Document Review Process

Involves reviewing or evaluating documents methodically to gather information, insights, or evidence related to a research query.

Record Adjustment Step

The step of reviewing previous records and making necessary adjustments is part of refining the research instruments or methods.

Data Gathering Instrument

A list of questions used to gather data from respondents regarding their attitudes or opinions is typically called a survey instrument or questionnaire.

Variables Effects Analysis Step

Involves conducting statistical analysis to check and analyze the effects of independent and dependent variables in an experiment.

Sampling Method

Selecting every tenth person or a specific number from a group to participate is known as systematic sampling.

Literature Review Position in Research Process

Typically falls under the background or introduction stage, setting the context for the research problem.

Statistical Operations on Data

The term for performing various statistical operations on data is statistical analysis.

Quantitative Research Types

Types of quantitative research commonly include experimental, correlational, and descriptive research.
Qualitative research does not fit under quantitative categories.

Primary Purpose of Literature Review

To summarize existing research, identify gaps, and justify the necessity for further study related to the research problem.

Timing for Conducting Literature Review

Should be conducted prior to formalizing the research problem to provide context and inform the direction of the study.

Purpose of Library Catalog

Serves to organize and provide access to a library's collection, facilitating the search for resources.

Library Book Indexing Pre-Computers

In pre-computer times, library books were indexed using card catalogs organized by author, title, and subject.

Online vs. Local Databases

An online database is accessible via the internet, while a local database is stored on a specific computer or network.

Scientific Problem Formulation Step

Involves clearly defining the problem, which is necessary for guiding the research design and methodology.

Applied Research Characteristics

Focuses on solving practical problems and applying findings to real-world situations, differentiating it from theoretical research.

Broad Generalizations from Specific Observations

Inductive research focuses on making broad generalizations based on specific observations or case studies.

SMART Research Questions

SMART questions are Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Relevant, and Time-bound, aiding in focused and actionable research objectives.

Hypothesis Testing in Scientific Formulation

Conducting experiments to test hypotheses is a critical step in the scientific problem formulation process, ensuring empirical validation of questions.

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Description

Prepare for the periodic test in Capstone 3Q by reviewing the fundamentals of research methodology. Learn about scientific procedures, research instruments, population sampling, and data analysis techniques inspired by real-world materials.