Capillary Blood Flow and Venous System Components in Exercise Physiology

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What happens to capillary blood flow during exercise?

Venous blood is diverted away from capillaries

Precapillary sphincters close to conserve nutrients and oxygen

Precapillary sphincters open to allow most nutrients and oxygen to fuel (correct)

Capillaries shrink in size to reduce blood flow

What is the role of valves in veins?

Prevent backflow of blood and do not hinder normal one-way flow (correct)

Prevent frontflow of blood but not backflow

Hinder normal one-way flow but facilitate backflow

Promote backflow of blood to increase circulation

Where do veins in the lower body empty into?

Aorta

Inferior vena cava (correct)

Pulmonary artery

Superior vena cava

What happens to blood pressure during resistance exercise?

Both systolic and diastolic BP increase Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to changes in blood pressure response during physical activity?

Load of stimulus and size of musculature active expenditure Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the precapillary sphincter in capillaries?

Regulates the diameter of the capillary Signup and view all the answers

Which factor triggers the relaxation of the precapillary sphincter to open more capillaries?

Increase in local blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

In which type of vessel do metarterioles end in?

Capillaries Signup and view all the answers

What is the composition of the capillary wall?

Single layer of endothelial cells Signup and view all the answers

Which component of a blood vessel contains 6% of the total blood volume?

Capillaries Signup and view all the answers

Why does systolic blood pressure (SBP) often decrease as steady-rate exercise continues?

Arterioles in active muscles continue to dilate, further decreasing peripheral resistance to blood flow. Signup and view all the answers

Why does arm-based exercise tend to increase systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) compared to leg exercise at the same percentage of VO2max?

Smaller arm muscle mass and vasculature offer greater resistance to blood flow than activation of larger leg mass and blood supply. Signup and view all the answers

What contributes to the massive decrease in systolic blood pressure (SBP) observed during exercise recovery?

Venous return returning to normal levels post-exercise. Signup and view all the answers

How does the activation of arterioles in active muscles impact peripheral resistance during exercise?

It decreases peripheral resistance by dilating arterioles. Signup and view all the answers

Why is it recommended for individuals with cardiovascular dysfunction to rhythmically exercise larger muscle groups rather than limited muscle mass exercises?

Larger muscle groups offer more effective venous return and prevent excessive pressure build-up. Signup and view all the answers

How does an increase in capillary blood flow affect the venous system components during exercise?

It improves the efficiency of venous return by reducing backflow and promoting blood flow back to the heart. Signup and view all the answers

Capillary Blood Flow and Venous System Components in Exercise Physiology

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