Questions and Answers
When a carbohydrate is metabolized without oxygen, what is it called?
Anaerobic Glycolysis
If length of an activity is greater than 150 seconds, the _____ energy system is probably used.
Aerobic Glycolysis
All three energy systems are used in sports and should be trained and improved for successful sport performance.
True
The specificity of training principle means that exercise and training should be specific to the type of strength and demands required for that athletic event.
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Research shows that humans improve their task performance through the application of stress followed by what?
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An extended period of poor training or competition is a sign of overtraining.
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Dividing a pre-season into three, four-week blocks of time is referred to as what?
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Each four-week block in periodization should begin with what?
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Based on the specificity and reversibility principle, what should training during the off-season focus on?
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An effective warm-up activity generally includes what?
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Both females and males gain weight throughout adolescence but it is accompanied by an increase in height.
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A coach should consider maturational variation by implementing what strategy?
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What is true regarding 'peak growth velocity' of adolescents?
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Students should fuel their bodies how long before practices and games with a high-carbohydrate meal or snack?
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A carbohydrate/protein snack should be consumed within how long after the competition or practice to start the recovery process faster?
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Losing 1/5-2% of body weight has no effect on performance.
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Water constitutes what percentage of a student's body weight?
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Students lose water and electrolytes when they sweat.
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To prevent heat-related illness, what measures should be taken?
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What are the three main classes of performance-enhancing drugs?
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When an injury occurs, what should a coach follow?
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Strength training effects what in exercise?
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What is an activity that is relatively short in time?
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Study Notes
Energy Systems
- Anaerobic Glycolysis occurs when carbohydrates are metabolized without oxygen.
- If an activity lasts longer than 150 seconds, Aerobic Glycolysis is primarily used.
- All three energy systems need to be trained for optimal sports performance.
Training Principles
- The specificity of training principle emphasizes that training should relate to the specific strength and demands of the sport.
- Task performance can be enhanced through stress followed by relief.
- Extended periods of poor training indicate potential overtraining.
- 'Periodization' divides a pre-season into three four-week blocks, starting with an easier week, followed by medium/hard, and culminating in the hardest week.
Off-Season Training
- Off-season training should focus on general strength and conditioning relevant to the sport by applying the specificity and reversibility principles.
Warm-Up Recommendations
- An effective warm-up consists of 10-15 minutes of low-intensity activity paired with both static and dynamic stretching.
Growth and Development
- Both sexes gain weight during adolescence, but this is paired with increases in height.
- Coaches should recognize maturational variations and allow athletes adjustment periods following significant growth spurts.
- Males typically begin their growth spurt at age 12, peaking in height by 14, while females begin at 10, reaching peak height by 12.
Nutrition and Hydration
- Students should consume a high-carbohydrate meal or snack 3 to 4 hours prior to practices and games.
- A carbohydrate/protein snack should be consumed within 30 minutes after competition or practice for faster recovery.
- Losing 1-2% of body weight negatively impacts performance.
- Water constitutes 55-65% of a student's body weight, and students lose water and electrolytes through sweating.
Heat Management and Safety
- To prevent heat-related illnesses, practice sessions should be shortened or extended breaks provided during hot weather.
Performance-Enhancing Drugs
- The three main classes of performance-enhancing drugs are stimulants, anabolic steroids, and blood doping.
Injury Management
- The recommended approach for injury treatment is Rest, Ice, Compression, Elevate (RICE).
Strength Training Effects
- Strength training positively impacts all tissues in the body.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts from Unit 4 of Exercise Physiology, focusing on energy systems used in metabolism. Test your understanding of anaerobic and aerobic glycolysis, as well as the role of these systems in sports performance. Enhance your knowledge for better athletic training.
