Cannabis Effects Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is a potential cognitive effect of chronic cannabis use?

  • Impaired short-term memory (correct)
  • Enhanced ability to learn new skills
  • Improved long-term memory retention
  • Increased attention span

Which respiratory issue is commonly associated with smoking cannabis?

  • Chronic bronchitis-like symptoms (correct)
  • Improved lung function
  • Increased lung capacity
  • Decreased respiratory rate

Which mental health effect is linked to chronic cannabis use?

  • Reduced sensation of anxiety
  • Increased risk of depression (correct)
  • Decreased risk of anxiety disorders
  • Enhanced emotional stability

What characterizes cannabis use disorder?

<p>Difficulty quitting despite negative consequences (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can chronic cannabis use affect relationships?

<p>Strain on relationships due to changes in behavior (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What cardiovascular effect is associated with acute cannabis use?

<p>Increased heart rate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which endocrine effect may result from long-term cannabis use?

<p>Hormonal imbalance (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a potential effect of chronic cannabis use on the immune system?

<p>Suppression of the immune system (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What effect can cannabis have on heart rate and blood pressure?

<p>It causes a temporary increase in heart rate and blood pressure. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which symptom is commonly associated with the short-term effects of cannabis use?

<p>Increased appetite (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a peaceful environment, what type of hallucinations might cannabis induce?

<p>Visual hallucinations of color and form (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor does NOT influence a person's experience with cannabis effects?

<p>The nutritional value of the cannabis strain (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What phenomenon is commonly referred to as 'cottonmouth' associated with cannabis use?

<p>Dry mouth due to decreased saliva production (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is NOT typical of the short-term effects of cannabis?

<p>Increased motor coordination (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following slang terms refers to a hand-rolled cannabis cigarette?

<p>Joint (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a common visual effect reported by users of cannabis?

<p>Enhanced light sensitivity (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some short-term effects of stimulants?

<p>Euphoria and alertness (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which condition is NOT associated with narcotics?

<p>Increased heart rate (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What long-term symptom is commonly associated with depressants?

<p>Memory problems (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a potential side effect of hallucinogens?

<p>Flashbacks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant risk associated with the long-term use of narcotics?

<p>Respiratory depression (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which classification of drugs of abuse is characterized by their natural occurrence?

<p>Naturally occurring drugs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of drugs would be classified as a stimulant?

<p>Cocaine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary active compound found in cannabis?

<p>Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following terms refers to drugs that are primarily used for altering human performance?

<p>Human performance altering drugs (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic is associated with the male cannabis plant compared to the female?

<p>Taller height (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which classification method includes alkaloids and cannabinoids?

<p>Based on chemistry of active compound (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which name is commonly associated with cannabis?

<p>Hemp (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of drug would typically be classified under depressants?

<p>Alcohol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of crystal is potassium mercuric iodide primarily associated with?

<p>Needles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the gas chromatographic analysis of opioids, what type of detector is used?

<p>FID (Flame Ionization Detector) (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which opium alkaloid has the highest Rf value when using solvent system 1?

<p>Narcotine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following drugs is classified as a stimulant?

<p>Cocaine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of depressants on the central nervous system?

<p>Slow down brain activity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which solvent system contains methanol and n-butanol?

<p>System 1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the λmax (in nm) of morphine in aqueous alkaline conditions?

<p>298 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which component of the gas chromatographic method refers to the column's material?

<p>Spiral glass (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which compound has the highest retention time in gas chromatography?

<p>Cannabinol (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the column temperature used during gas chromatography?

<p>240°C (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which alkaloid is found in the coca plant and is classified as a tropane-type alkaloid?

<p>Cocaine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Fast Blue B spraying reagent?

<p>To detect cannabinoid spots (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the carrier gas used during the gas chromatography process?

<p>Nitrogen (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the FID detector in gas chromatography?

<p>To detect ionization of molecules (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which cannabinoid has the fastest retention time listed?

<p>Cannabidiol (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which spraying reagent is prepared by dissolving salt in NaOH solution?

<p>Fast Blue B (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Joint

A hand-rolled cigarette containing cannabis.

Bong

A water pipe used for smoking cannabis.

Chillum

A clay or wooden pipe used for smoking cannabis.

An eighth

One-eighth of an ounce of cannabis.

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Toking

The act of smoking cannabis.

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Toke can

A pipe made from a drink can used for smoking cannabis.

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Hash cake

A cake made with cannabis.

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Fun candy, hemp suckers

Cannabis-laced sweets, often in the form of candies or lollipops.

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Drugs of abuse

Drugs that alter a person's mental state and are often used for recreational purposes.

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Drug classification by origin

A classification based on the origin of the drug, whether it's naturally occurring, semi-synthetic, or synthetic.

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Drug classification by acidity/basicity

A categorization of drugs based on whether they are acidic or basic in nature.

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Drug classification by usage

A grouping of drugs based on their intended use, such as predatory drugs used for manipulation, club drugs for recreational use, and performance-enhancing drugs.

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Drug classification by active compound

A classification of drugs based on the active chemical compound they contain, such as alkaloids (naturally occurring compounds), cannabinoids (chemicals found in cannabis), and other unique compounds.

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Drug classification by mode of action

A classification system that groups drugs based on how they affect the body, such as narcotics/analgesics (pain relievers), stimulants (increase activity), depressants (slow down activity), hallucinogens (alter perception), and anabolic steroids (increase muscle mass).

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Drug classification by schedules/regulations

A system of classifying drugs based on their potential for abuse and risk to public health.

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Cannabis

A plant known for its psychoactive properties. It is also known as hemp and contains the active chemical delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).

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Short-term memory impairment

Chronic cannabis use can lead to difficulties in forming new memories and remembering recent events.

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Learning difficulties

Chronic cannabis use can lead to difficulties in learning new information and skills.

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Attention issues

Chronic cannabis use can impair a person's ability to pay attention and focus.

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Chronic Bronchitis-like Symptoms

Chronic cannabis use can lead to symptoms similar to chronic bronchitis, such as persistent coughing and wheezing.

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Increased risk of lung infections

Chronic cannabis use increases the risk of developing lung infections due to the damaging effects of smoke.

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Depression risk

Chronic cannabis use has been associated with an increased risk of experiencing depression.

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Anxiety disorders

Chronic cannabis use can worsen existing anxiety disorders and even trigger panic attacks.

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Psychosis risk

For individuals predisposed to psychosis, chronic cannabis use may increase the likelihood of experiencing psychotic episodes.

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Coca Alkaloids

A type of compound found in coca plants. They are divided into two main types: tropane and pyrrolidine.

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Cocaine

A type of coca alkaloid that is a tropane derivative. It is a potent stimulant and local anesthetic.

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Benzoylecgonine

A type of coca alkaloid belonging to the tropane class. It is a product of cocaine metabolism in the body, having a stimulant effect. It is also used to detect the presence of cocaine.

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GC-FID Analysis of Cannabinoids

A method used to analyze and identify cannabinoids in a sample. It employs a gas chromatograph (GC) equipped with a flame ionization detector (FID).

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Retention Time

The time it takes for a specific compound to travel through a gas chromatograph (GC) column and reach the detector. This is used to identify the compound based on its unique rate of movement.

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SE-30 (Silicone Elastomer)

A type of stationary phase used in gas chromatography (GC) for separating and analyzing compounds. It is a non-polar liquid that attracts non-polar molecules, allowing them to separate based on their volatility.

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THC (Tetrahydrocannabinol)

A compound found in cannabis, known for its psychoactive effects.

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Cannabidiol (CBD)

A compound found in cannabis, known for its calming and anti-inflammatory properties.

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TLC (Thin Layer Chromatography)

A test that uses a stationary phase (e.g., silica gel) and a mobile phase (e.g., a solvent system) to separate different components of a mixture based on their affinity for the stationary phase.

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Gas Chromatography (GC)

A technique used to separate and identify compounds in a mixture based on their boiling points. The compounds are vaporized and carried by a carrier gas through a column containing a stationary phase, where they are separated based on their volatility.

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UV Spectrometry

A technique that measures the absorption of ultraviolet (UV) radiation by a compound. It helps identify compounds based on their unique absorption patterns at specific wavelengths.

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IR Spectrometry

A technique that measures the interaction of infrared (IR) radiation with a compound. It provides information about the functional groups present in a molecule, helping identify the compound structure.

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Neurotransmitters

Chemical compounds that modify the effect of neurotransmitters in the brain, leading to changes in mood, behaviour, and overall brain activity.

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Stimulants

Drugs that increase the activity of the nervous system, leading to heightened alertness, increased energy levels, and a faster heart rate.

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Depressants

Drugs that slow down the activity of the nervous system, leading to feelings of relaxation, sedation, and slowed reflexes.

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Opium Alkaloids

A group of alkaloids found naturally in the opium poppy plant, known for their analgesic (pain-relieving) and sedative properties.

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Narcotics

Drugs that relieve pain and induce drowsiness. They are used for medical purposes but are highly addictive and have a risk of respiratory depression.

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Hallucinogens

Drugs that alter perception, causing hallucinations, mood changes, and distorted sensory experiences. They are NOT for medical use and can lead to psychosis.

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Short-Term vs Long-Term Impacts

The effect of a drug is different based on how long you use it. Short-term effects happen quickly, while long-term effects build up over time.

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Study Notes

Module 4: Drugs of Abuse

  • Classification of Drugs of Abuse include Cannabis, Cocaine, and Opioids.

Classification of Drugs of Abuse

  • Based on origin:
    • Naturally occurring
    • Semi-synthetic
    • Synthetic
  • Based on acidic/basic nature:
    • Acidic drugs
    • Basic drugs
  • Based on Usages:
    • Predator drugs
    • Club drugs
    • Human performance altering drugs
    • Inhalants
  • Based on chemistry of Active compound:
    • Alkaloid
    • Cannabinoids
    • Others

Classification Based on Mode of Action

  • Narcotics/Analgesics
  • Stimulants
  • Depressants
  • Hallucinogens
  • Anabolic Steroids

Classification by Schedules/Regulations

  • Schedules are categorized based on the Medical Use, Controls on Prescriptions, Required Security, Potential for Abuse, and Potential for Addiction levels of the drugs.
  • Examples are included to illustrate the different categories.

Drugs of Abuse: Cannabis

  • Common names include hemp, marijuana, pot, gandia, grass, chanvre etc.
  • Cannabis sativa is the plant from which cannabis is derived.
  • The active chemical in cannabis is delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).
  • Cannabis varies in THC concentration, affecting its effects in different preparations (e.g., Bhang, Ganja, Charas, Hashish oil).

Drugs of Abuse: Cocaine

  • Cocaine is an alkaloid extracted from the coca plant.
  • Forms of Cocaine include powder or crack form, commonly used intravenously, smoked, or snorted.
  • Cocaine classification includes its being a stimulant.
  • Is a highly potent psychoactive drug used for recreational purposes and has adverse effects.

Drugs of Abuse: Opioids

  • Natural opioids include opium (morphine, codeine, thebaine).
  • Semisynthetic opioids: include heroin, hydromorphone(morphine), oxycodone and etorphine(thebaine)
  • Synthetic opioids: include fentanyl, methadone, pentazocine, meperidine.
  • Endogenous opioids are endorphins.
  • Opium is a milky exudate obtained from the unripe capsules of the poppy plant.
  • Morphine is a highly potent opioid analgesic isolated from opium and an important pain relief medication.

Clinical Features of Opium Consumption

  • Effects on the CNS, altering the state of mind and inducing sleep.
  • Relieves pain and creates feelings of euphoria.
  • Effects can be dangerous and severe such as: drowsiness, nausea, itching, constipation, breathing problems, and loss of consciousness.
  • Causes psychological and physiological dependency.
  • Withdrawal symptoms also exist including watery eyes, running nose, loss of appetite, yawning, irritability, tremors, chills, and sweating.

Forensic Analysis of Cannabis

  • Physical examination includes visual evaluation and chemical analysis to identify characteristics.
  • Microscopic analysis involves examining the plant structures.
  • Color tests are used to detect presence of specific chemical indicators.
  • Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography (GC) are used for identification and quantification of the compounds (THC).

Forensic Analysis of Cocaine

  • Physical Examination is used to detect the form of cocaine (powder, crack.)
  • Color tests may include the Scott test (blue color) or Gold Chloride test (white precipitate.)
  • Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and gas chromatography (GC) are methods used for identification and quantification of drugs

Forensic Analysis of Opioids

  • Color Tests are used to detect the presence of specific chemical components.
  • Chromatographic methods (TLC and GC) are used for identification and quantification of specific alkaloids (morphine, codeine)
  • Microcrystal tests are also used for the identification of morphine

Stimulants vs Depressants vs Narcotics vs Hallucinogens

  • Summarize differences in aspects, definition, examples, mechanisms, effects, medicinal uses, and side effects of these drug classes.

Short-Term vs Long-Term Impacts of Various Drugs

  • Summarize short-term and long-term effects of different drug classes (stimulants, depressants, narcotics, hallucinogens).

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Drugs of Abuse Lecture Notes PDF

Description

Test your knowledge on the cognitive, respiratory, and mental health effects of chronic cannabis use. This quiz covers various aspects, including cannabis use disorder and its impact on relationships and the immune system. Explore the short-term and long-term implications of cannabis on health.

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