Cannabis Consumption Effects Quiz
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Questions and Answers

What is a common slang term for a hand-rolled cannabis cigarette?

  • Joint (correct)
  • Bong
  • Hash cake
  • Chillum
  • Which effect is most likely experienced in a peaceful environment when consuming hashish oil?

  • Impaired coordination
  • Dry mouth
  • Increased heart rate
  • Visual hallucination of colour & form (correct)
  • Which of the following is NOT a short-term effect of cannabis abuse?

  • Increased appetite
  • Impaired motor skills
  • Permanent cognitive impairment (correct)
  • Altered time perception
  • What can result from cannabis use that may cause feelings of anxiety or paranoia?

    <p>Increased heart rate and blood pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is commonly referred to as 'cottonmouth'?

    <p>Dry mouth (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What psychological state may initially occur after consuming hashish oil?

    <p>Hilarity (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What typically follows the effects of altered perception from cannabis use?

    <p>Dreamy relaxation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which factor does NOT affect the overall effects of cannabis consumption?

    <p>The method of cannabis consumption (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one of the symptoms of acute poisoning?

    <p>Tremors (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the observation for the Scott Test?

    <p>Blue color (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a chronic effect of cocainism?

    <p>Dementia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of crystals appear in the Gold Chloride Test?

    <p>Delicate rosette or long rod shaped crystals (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary method of preparation for charas?

    <p>Hand-rubbing flowering tops (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the HRf value of cocaine for the first solvent system in TLC?

    <p>81 (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is hashish primarily created?

    <p>By collecting and compressing resin glands (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main alkaloid present in opium?

    <p>Morphine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common method of consumption for hash oil?

    <p>Used in vaporizers (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of reagent is Dragendorff's reagent used for in TLC?

    <p>Acidic reagent (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does Magnan's syndrome involve?

    <p>Tactile hallucinations with sensations of crawling (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which effect is most commonly associated with charas due to its high THC content?

    <p>Strong psychoactive effects (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which form is bhang primarily consumed?

    <p>In oral beverages (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a distinguishing characteristic of hash oil compared to other cannabis products?

    <p>It is made using solvents (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What color range is typical for hashish?

    <p>Light brown to black (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is not a common method of consuming charas?

    <p>Cooked into edibles (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the molecular formula of cocaine?

    <p>C17H21NO4 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately describes the effects of cocaine?

    <p>Cocaine serves as a serotonin-norepinephrine-dopamine reuptake inhibitor. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fatal oral dose of cocaine?

    <p>1.5 gm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does cocaine differ from amphetamines in its mechanism of action?

    <p>Cocaine prevents the re-uptake of neurotransmitters, causing prolonged effects. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What property of cocaine allows it to cross the blood-brain barrier easily?

    <p>Both hydrophilic and lipophilic efficiency (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What potential serious consequence does cocaine exhibit compared to other CNS stimulants?

    <p>Increased risk of overdose due to sodium channel effect (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What method is commonly used to prepare cocaine hydrochloride?

    <p>Titration with hydrochloric acid (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following alkaloids is NOT a pyrrolidine-type alkaloid?

    <p>Cocaine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the approximate percentage range of morphine found in opium?

    <p>10 - 20% (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following opioids is classified as a semisynthetic opioid?

    <p>Heroin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common withdrawal symptom of opium consumption?

    <p>Loss of appetite (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fatal oral dose of morphine for adults?

    <p>200-250mg (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which symptom is NOT typically associated with opium consumption?

    <p>Rapid heart rate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary constituent of opium linked to causing intense euphoria?

    <p>Morphine (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the chemical formula of morphine?

    <p>C17H19O3N (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of opioid is endorphins classified as?

    <p>Natural opioids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common side effect of stimulants?

    <p>Increased heart rate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following substances is classified as a stimulant?

    <p>Caffeine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What mechanism do stimulants primarily utilize to enhance their effects?

    <p>Acting on dopamine and norepinephrine pathways (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential effect of hallucinogens?

    <p>Distorted reality (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What defines the primary use of narcotics?

    <p>To relieve pain (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common risk associated with the use of depressants?

    <p>Addiction and cardiovascular issues (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which stimulant is commonly used to treat narcolepsy?

    <p>Amphetamines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common psychological side effect of hallucinogens?

    <p>Flashbacks (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Flashcards

    What is Charas?

    A potent cannabis resin made by rubbing the flowering tops of the cannabis plant.

    What is Hash Oil?

    A concentrated extract of cannabis made using solvents like butane or CO2.

    What is Hash (Hashish)?

    A type of cannabis resin made by collecting and compressing trichomes from the cannabis plant.

    How is Bhang consumed?

    A cannabis product that is typically consumed orally, often in beverages.

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    How is Ganja consumed?

    A cannabis product that is typically smoked, in the form of 'reefers' or cigarettes.

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    How is Charas consumed?

    A cannabis product that is typically smoked.

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    What is 'Mode of Intake'?

    Refers to the method by which cannabis products are ingested.

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    Why is Charas considered potent?

    A cannabis product known for its high THC content, which leads to strong psychoactive effects.

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    Euphoria and Relaxation

    Smoking cannabis can cause feelings of euphoria, relaxation, and a general sense of well-being.

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    Altered Perception

    Cannabis use can alter your perception of time, intensify your senses, and distort what you see and hear.

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    Impaired Coordination and Motor Skills

    Using cannabis can make you clumsy and slow your reaction time, making it hard to do tasks that require precision.

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    Increased Heart Rate and Blood Pressure

    Cannabis can temporarily increase your heart rate and blood pressure, which might cause palpitations and make you feel anxious or paranoid.

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    Dry Mouth and Red Eyes

    Cannabis use can lead to a dry mouth due to reduced saliva production. It can also make your eyes red and irritated.

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    Increased Appetite

    Cannabis users often experience an increased appetite, commonly known as 'the munchies'.

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    Cannabis Hallucinations

    Cannabis can cause hallucinations, particularly visual ones, where you might see colors and shapes that aren't real.

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    Disorientation and Physical Effects

    Cannabis use can lead to feelings of disorientation, confusion, and drowsiness. It can also make you feel unsteady and experience tremors or jerky movements.

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    Pyrrolidine-type Alkaloids

    A class of alkaloids found in plants like coca and tobacco, characterized by their pyrrolidine ring structure.

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    Cocaine

    A potent stimulant drug derived from the coca plant, known for its euphoric effects and addictive properties.

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    Cocaine's Chemical Formula

    The chemical formula of cocaine, indicating its composition of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and oxygen.

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    Cocaine's Molecular Weight

    The molecular weight of cocaine, a measure of its mass relative to a standard.

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    Cocaine's Basicity

    Cocaine's basic nature, with a pKa of 8.6, meaning it readily accepts protons.

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    Cocaine Hydrochloride

    The salt form of cocaine, created by reacting cocaine with hydrochloric acid, often used for pharmaceutical purposes.

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    Cocaine's Blood Brain Barrier Crossing

    Cocaine's ability to readily cross the blood-brain barrier, enabling rapid and potent effects on the central nervous system.

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    Cocaine's Mechanism of Action

    Cocaine's mechanism of action, blocking the reuptake of neurotransmitters like dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine.

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    Cocaine Poisoning Symptoms

    Cocaine poisoning can cause various symptoms, including restlessness, dilated pupils, rapid heartbeat, and in severe cases, seizures, coma, and death.

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    Chronic Cocaine Effects

    Chronic cocaine use leads to a decline in overall health, digestive issues, and potential damage to the nasal septum from snorting.

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    Magnan's Syndrome

    Magnan's syndrome is a rare condition characterized by hallucinations, particularly tactile hallucinations, where individuals feel crawling or creeping sensations on their skin.

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    Scott Test

    The Scott Test is a colorimetric test used to detect cocaine. It involves a series of reactions that produce a blue color in the presence of cocaine.

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    Gold Chloride Test

    The Gold Chloride Test is another test for cocaine. It produces a precipitate, often in the form of delicate rosette or rod-shaped crystals, when reacted with cocaine.

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    TLC for Cocaine

    Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is a technique used for separating and identifying compounds, including cocaine, based on their different affinities for stationary and mobile phases.

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    What is Opium?

    Opium, the dried sap of the poppy plant, contains various alkaloids, with morphine being the most abundant.

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    What is the main alkaloid in opium?

    Morphine is the most prevalent alkaloid in opium, responsible for its pain-relieving and euphoric effects.

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    Stimulants

    Drugs that increase brain activity and alertness, leading to effects like increased energy, focus, and wakefulness.

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    Depressants

    Drugs that slow down brain activity, inducing relaxation, sedation, and reduced anxiety.

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    Narcotics

    Drugs that relieve pain and induce euphoria by acting on opioid receptors in the brain.

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    Hallucinogens

    Drugs that alter perception, mood, and cognition, causing hallucinations and distorted reality.

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    Cardiovascular Issues

    A common side effect of stimulant use, characterized by increased heart rate and blood pressure.

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    Respiratory Depression

    A common side effect of depressant use, characterized by slowed breathing and potential respiratory failure.

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    Drowsiness and Sedation

    A common side effect of narcotic use, characterized by drowsiness and sedation.

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    Hallucinations and Distorted Reality

    A common side effect of hallucinogen use, characterized by distorted reality and visual or auditory hallucinations.

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    Name some key alkaloids in opium.

    Morphine, codeine, and thebaine are some of the main alkaloids found in opium, each having different properties and uses.

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    What is heroin?

    Heroin is a semi-synthetic opioid derived from morphine. It is highly addictive and dangerous, known for its intense euphoric effects.

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    What are synthetic opioids?

    Synthetic opioids, like fentanyl and methadone, are man-made compounds designed to mimic the effects of natural opioids.

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    What are endogenous opioids?

    Endogenous opioids, like endorphins, are naturally produced by the body and play a role in pain management and mood regulation.

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    How does opium affect the body?

    Opium consumption affects the central nervous system, causing a range of effects like pain relief, drowsiness, and altered states of mind.

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    What are the consequences of long-term opium use?

    Opium consumption can lead to dependence both physically and psychologically, meaning the body and mind crave the drug.

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    What is morphine?

    Morphine is a powerful opioid found in opium, known for its potent pain-relieving properties and its ability to induce sleep.

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    Study Notes

    Module 4: Drugs of Abuse

    • Drugs of abuse are classified in several ways, including by origin, nature, usage, active compound and mode of action.

    Classification of Drugs of Abuse

    • Based on Origin:

      • Naturally occurring
      • Semi-synthetic
      • Synthetic
    • Based on Acidic/Basic Nature:

      • Acidic drugs
      • Basic drugs
    • Based on Usages:

      • Predator drugs
      • Club drugs
      • Human performance altering drugs
      • Inhalants
    • Based on Chemistry of Active Compound:

      • Alkaloid
      • Cannabinoids
      • Others
    • Based on Mode of Action:

      • Narcotics/Analgesics
      • Stimulants
      • Depressants
      • Hallucinogens
      • Anabolic Steroids

    Classification by Schedules/Regulations

    • This classification system categorizes drugs based on their medical use, control on prescriptions, required security and potential for abuse and addiction.

    Cannabis

    • Common names: hemp, marihuana, marijuana, pot, gandia, grass, chanvre etc.

    • Origin: Believed to originate from a Portuguese or Spanish word for intoxicating.

      • Present in the plant, Cannabis sativa, also known as hemp.
    • Commercial Value: Hemp is valuable for its fiber, which can be made into ropes, more than its marijuana use.

    • Active Constituent: Delta9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).

    • Active Constituents/Principles: Cannabinol, cannabidiol, Cannabidiolic acid, THC.

      • THC is the most potent psychoactive component.
      • Cannabinoids are not alkaloids.
    • Concentraton of THC: Varies in different parts of the cannabis plant - highest in resinous extract, then flowers, leaves, stems, and lowest in seeds.

    • Preparations:

      • Bhang (paste made from leaves and flowers with water or milk)
      • Ganja (dried leaves and flowers)
      • Charas (resin extracted from the plant)
      • Hashish oil (highly concentrated extract made using solvents)

    Cocaine

    • Classification by Schedules/Regulations: See page 31.

    • Coca Alkaloids: Alkaloids found in coca plant (Erythroxyum coca) are either tropane or pyrrolidine types.

      • Major alkaloid: Cocaine (0.3-1.5%; avg. 0.8%)
    • Mechanism of Action: Cocaine blocks the reuptake of neurotransmitters, specifically dopamine. It results in prolonged and intense effects.

    • Signs & Symptoms: Increased alertness, energy, euphoria, restlessness, insomnia; but also dangerous side effects such as anxiety, psychosis, and cardio-vascular risks.

    Opioids

    • Types:

      • Natural: Opium (morphine, codeine, thebaine)
      • Semisynthetic: Heroin, hydromorphone (morphine) and oxycodone, etorphine (thebaine)
      • Synthetic: Fentanyl, methadone, pentazocine, meperidine
      • Endogenous: Endorphins
    • Opium (Morphine):

      • Chief constituent of opium.
      • Isolated in 1806.
      • 10-20% of all opium alkaloids.
      • Derived from the Greek god of dreams.
      • A phenanthrene alkaloid.

    Forensic Analysis of Cannabis

    • Physical Examination: Identification based on morphological characteristics (color, texture, form) or chemical analysis of cannabinoids (THC, CBN, CBD)
    • Microscopic Examination: Identification of non-glandular hairs, fragments of plant material.
    • Colour tests: tests using specific chemicals and observing color changes to determine and differentiate different drug types.
    • TLC and GC: used for separating and quantifying drug compounds.

    General Information on Drug Comparison

    • Stimulants: Increase brain activity, alertness, and energy. (e.g., cocaine, amphetamines, caffeine)
    • Depressants: Slow down brain activity, reduce arousal. (e.g., alcohol, benzodiazepines, barbiturates)
    • Narcotics: Relieve pain and produce euphoria. (e.g., morphine, heroin, codeine)
    • Hallucinogens: Alter perception, mood, and cognition. (e.g., LSD, psilocybin, PCP)

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    Description

    Test your knowledge on the effects of cannabis and related substances. This quiz covers various aspects such as slang terms, psychological states, and specific symptoms associated with cannabis use. It is a great way to deepen your understanding of cannabis and its impact on the body and mind.

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