Canine Viruses: Transmission, Diagnosis, and Prevention
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Questions and Answers

Which of the diseases we discussed in class are considered viruses?

Examples include: Rabies, Distemper, Parvovirus, Canine Infectious Hepatitis, Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis, Canine Influenza Virus (CIV)

Which of the diseases we discussed in class are considered bacteria?

An example is Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis (some causative agents are bacteria)

Which of the diseases we discussed in class are considered zoonotic?

Rabies

List and describe the 3 stages of the Rabies virus.

<ol> <li>Prodromal Stage: Characterized by behavioral changes.</li> <li>Excitative Stage: Characterized by aggression and biting.</li> <li>Paralytic Stage: Characterized by paralysis, leading to respiratory failure and death.</li> </ol> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of vaccine is the Rabies vaccines? (killed, MLV, recombinant)

<p>Killed and recombinant vaccines are commonly used for rabies.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the route of transmission of the Rabies virus?

<p>Saliva, usually through a bite wound.</p> Signup and view all the answers

When can the Rabies virus be diagnosed? Premortem or postmortem?

<p>Postmortem. Diagnosis is typically confirmed postmortem via examination of brain tissue.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the C/S of the Distemper virus?

<p>Fever, respiratory signs (coughing, nasal discharge), vomiting, diarrhea, neurological signs (seizures, paralysis).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of vaccine is the Distemper vaccine?

<p>Modified live virus (MLV) or recombinant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the route of transmission of the Distemper virus?

<p>Aerosol droplets, direct contact with secretions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the C/S of the Parvovirus?

<p>Vomiting, diarrhea (often bloody), lethargy, dehydration, fever.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of vaccine is the Parvovirus vaccine?

<p>Modified live virus (MLV) or inactivated.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the route of transmission for the Parvovirus?

<p>Fecal-oral route.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do we use the Adenovirus Type 2 in the vaccine to prevent Adenovirus Type 1?

<p>Adenovirus Type 2 provides cross-protection against Adenovirus Type 1, which causes Canine Infectious Hepatitis (CAV-1).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the infectious virus that causes Hepatitis?

<p>Canine Adenovirus Type 1 (CAV-1).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the route of transmission for CAV-1 (Infectious Hepatitis)?

<p>Oronasal exposure to urine, feces, or saliva of infected animals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the C/S of Canine Infectious Hepatitis?

<p>Fever, lethargy, anorexia, abdominal pain, vomiting, jaundice, corneal edema (blue eye).</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the causative agents that cause canine infectious tracheobronchitis? Which are viruses and which are bacteria?

<p>Viruses: Adenovirus Type 2, Parainfluenza virus. Bacteria: Bordetella bronchiseptica, Mycoplasma species.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Canine Viral Diseases

Rabies, Distemper, Parvovirus, Adenovirus Type 1 (Infectious Hepatitis), Canine Influenza Virus (CIV)

Canine Bacterial Diseases

Canine Infectious Tracheobronchitis (some causes)

Zoonotic Canine Disease

Rabies

Rabies Stages

Prodromal, Excitative (furious), Paralytic

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Rabies Vaccine Type

Killed

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Rabies Transmission

Saliva (bite wound)

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Rabies Diagnosis Timing

Postmortem (after death)

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Distemper C/S

Fever, anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, seizures, paralysis

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Distemper Vaccine Type

Modified Live Virus (MLV)

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Distemper Transmission

Aerosolization or direct contact with bodily fluids

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Parvovirus C/S

Severe vomiting, bloody diarrhea, dehydration, fever, lethargy

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Parvovirus Vaccine Type

Modified Live Virus (MLV)

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Parvovirus Transmission

Fecal-oral route

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Adenovirus Vaccine Rationale

Adenovirus Type 2 is less virulent and provides cross-protection against CAV-1.

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Infectious Hepatitis Virus

Canine Adenovirus Type 1 (CAV-1)

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CAV-1 Transmission

Oronasal exposure to urine, feces, or saliva of infected dogs

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Canine Infectious Hepatitis C/S

Fever, anorexia, vomiting, jaundice, abdominal pain, corneal edema (blue eye)

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Kennel Cough Agents

Viruses: Adenovirus Type 2 (CAV-2), Parainfluenza virus. Bacteria: Bordetella bronchiseptica, Mycoplasma

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CIV Transmission

Transmitted by respiratory droplets via coughing or sneezing

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AAHA CORE Vaccines

Distemper, Adenovirus, Parvovirus, +/- Parainfluenza

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AAHA Non-Core Vaccines

Bordetella, Leptospirosis, Canine Influenza, Lyme

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Seizures in Young Dogs

Distemper

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Tick Borne Diseases Transmission

Tick bite

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Hardy Canine Disease

Parvovirus

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Canine Influenza Virus strains

H3N8 and H3N2

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Study Notes

  • Route of transmission of the Rabies virus includes bite wounds and saliva.
  • The Rabies virus can be diagnosed either premortem or postmortem.
  • Distemper vaccine type is MLV (Modified Live Virus)/Recombinant.
  • The route of transmission of the Distemper virus is through aerosolization.
  • The Parvovirus vaccine type is killed or MLV (Modified Live Virus).
  • The route of transmission for the Parvovirus is the fecal-oral route.
  • Adenovirus Type 2 is used in the vaccine to prevent Adenovirus Type 1 because it is less pathogenic and cross-protects against CAV-1.
  • The infectious virus that causes Hepatitis is CAV-1 (Canine Adenovirus Type 1).
  • The route of transmission for CAV-1 (Infectious Hepatitis) is oronasal exposure to urine, feces, or saliva.
  • Causative agents that cause canine infectious tracheobronchitis include viruses such as Adenovirus Type 2, Parainfluenza virus, Canine Influenza Virus, and Bordetella Bronchiseptica which are bacteria.

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Description

This lesson covers the transmission routes, diagnosis methods, and vaccine types for common canine viruses such as Rabies, Distemper, Parvovirus, and Adenovirus. It also discusses canine infectious tracheobronchitis and its causative agents like Adenovirus Type 2 and Bordetella Bronchiseptica.

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