Canine Patella Luxation

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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the patella in the stifle joint?

To stabilize the extensor mechanism alignment with the femoral shaft and trochlear groove (correct)

To facilitate hip flexion

To aid in the insertion of the quadriceps muscles

To provide stability during medial and lateral trochlear ridge movement

Which muscles are part of the extensor apparatus of the stifle joint?

Biceps femoris, Semitendinosus, Semimembranosus

Gracilis, Sartorius, Pectineus

Adductor magnus, Gluteus medius, Tensor fasciae latae

Rectus femoris, Vastus medialis, lateralis, intermedius (correct)

What is the clinical significance of patella luxation in cats?

It often presents bilaterally in cats (correct)

It is usually associated with hip dysplasia in cats

It is less common in cats compared to dogs

It is more frequently observed in older cats

What is the most common form of patella luxation in cats?

Medial patella luxation (MPL) Signup and view all the answers

Which breed is commonly reported to be predisposed to patella luxation?

Abyssinian Signup and view all the answers

What is the overall complication rate for surgical treatment of patella luxation?

13-40% Signup and view all the answers

What type of patella luxation is more common in cats, bilateral or unilateral?

Bilateral Signup and view all the answers

Which type of patella luxation is more common in dogs and cats?

Medial patella luxation (MPL) Signup and view all the answers

What type of patients benefit from surgical treatment of patella luxation?

Clinically symptomatic patients Signup and view all the answers

What is the association between patella luxation and hip luxation in cats?

Approximately 58% Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended postoperative activity restriction period for patients undergoing surgical treatment for patella luxation?

6-8 weeks Signup and view all the answers

Which type of patella luxation is more common in small breed dogs?

Medial patella luxation (MPL) Signup and view all the answers

What is the range of the clinical grading system for patella luxation?

Grade I to Grade IV Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of extensor malalignment in medial patella luxation (MPL)?

Femur deformities Signup and view all the answers

What does the diagnosis of patella luxation involve?

Orthopedic examination, stability tests for CrCL tears, and diagnostic imaging such as radiography Signup and view all the answers

What is included in the orthopedic examination for patella luxation?

Palpation for luxation, assessment of CrCL stability, and examination maneuvers for MPL and LPL Signup and view all the answers

What is trochleoplasty?

A surgical procedure to correct a shallow trochlear groove Signup and view all the answers

What is tibial tuberosity transposition used for in the surgical treatment of patella luxation?

Correcting patella luxation and addressing underlying contributing factors Signup and view all the answers

What is the aim of surgical procedures for patella luxation?

Addressing the underlying contributing factors, such as shallow trochlear groove and concurrent angular limb deformities Signup and view all the answers

What are the types of trochleoplasty techniques mentioned in the text?

Recession trochleoplasty, abrasion trochleoplasty, and trochlear chondroplasty Signup and view all the answers

What does traumatic patella luxation involve?

Tears in the retinaculum Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Patella Luxation in Dogs: Diagnosis and Surgical Treatment

Patella luxation is classified as medial (MPL) or lateral (LPL) and can be non-traumatic, traumatic, or iatrogenic
MPL is more common in small breed dogs, while LPL is more common in large breed dogs
Extensor malalignment in MPL is characterized by femur deformities, shallow trochlear groove, and genu varum
Traumatic patella luxation involves tears in the retinaculum, while non-traumatic luxation leads to retinaculum fibrosis
The clinical grading system for patella luxation ranges from grade I (patella resides in the groove) to grade IV (permanently luxated and cannot be manually reduced)
Concurrent abnormalities associated with patella luxation include cranial cruciate ligament (CrCL) tear and angular deformities
Diagnosis of patella luxation involves orthopedic examination, stability tests for CrCL tears, and diagnostic imaging such as radiography
Orthopedic examination includes palpation for luxation, assessment of CrCL stability, and examination maneuvers for MPL and LPL
Surgical treatment for patella luxation is grade and symptom-based and may involve trochleoplasty, tibial tuberosity transposition, and soft tissue adjustments
Trochleoplasty techniques include recession trochleoplasty, abrasion trochleoplasty, and trochlear chondroplasty, with variations in surgical procedures
Tibial tuberosity transposition is a common surgical technique to correct patella luxation, addressing underlying contributing factors
Surgical procedures aim to address the underlying contributing factors, such as shallow trochlear groove and concurrent angular limb deformities

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Description

Test your knowledge of patella luxation in dogs with this quiz on diagnosis and surgical treatment. Learn about the classification, concurrent abnormalities, clinical grading system, diagnostic methods, and various surgical techniques for addressing this common orthopedic issue in canines.