Anatomy of Canine Abdominal Oblique Muscles
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Questions and Answers

What is the origin of the external abdominal oblique muscle?

  • Ribs 4-13 and thoracolumbar fascia (correct)
  • Ribs 1-3 and thoracolumbar fascia
  • Costal arch, rectus abdominis, and linea alba
  • Tuber coxae, thoracolumbar fascia and inguinal ligament

    • What is the action of the external abdominal oblique muscle in relation to the vertebral column?

  • Rotation of the vertebral column
  • Extension of the vertebral column
  • Stabilization of the vertebral column
  • Flexion of the vertebral column (correct)

    • What is the insertion of the external abdominal oblique muscle?

  • Costal arch and rectus abdominis
  • Prepubic tendon and inguinal ligament
  • Tuber coxae and thoracolumbar fascia
  • Linea alba by a wide aponeurosis (correct)

    • What is the direction of the fibers of the internal abdominal oblique muscle?

    <p>Cranioventrally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the internal abdominal oblique muscle?

    <p>Tuber coxae, thoracolumbar fascia and inguinal ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the common innervation of the muscles of the abdominal walls?

    <p>Ventral branches of thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the fiber orientation of the external abdominal oblique m?

    <p>Caudoventrally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the external abdominal oblique muscle in relation to respiration?

    <p>Aids in expiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the abdominal muscles?

    <p>To facilitate breathing and defecation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is NOT part of the abdominal wall layers?

    <p>Scapula</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the inguinal canal (for males specifically).

    <p>To house the spermatic cord in males</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the name of the structure that forms the boundary of the inguinal canal?

    <p>Superficial inguinal ring</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary function of the cremaster muscle?

    <p>To pull the testis closer to the body in response to cold</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the origin of the cremaster muscle?

    <p>Caudal border of the internal abdominal oblique</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the innervation of the cremaster muscle?

    <p>Genitofemoral nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of the inguinal canal in clinical importance?

    <p>Neutering, cryptorchidism, and inguinal hernias</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the structure that contains the spermatic cord in males?

    <p>Vaginal tunic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the feminine counterpart of the vaginal tunic?

    <p>Vaginal process</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the anatomical structure that courses through the superficial inguinal ring? (Hint: noted in males)

    <p>Cremaster muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following structures is NOT present in the inguinal canal (for both males and females)?

    <p>Pudendal nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What forms the rectus sheath?

    <p>Aponeuroses of the external and internal abdominal oblique muscles and transversus abdominis muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the clinical importance of the rectus sheath?

    <p>It is the holding layer when closing the abdomen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the linea alba?

    <p>A midventral raphe where the aponeuroses of the left and right abdominal muscles meet</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the inguinal ligament?

    <p>A ligament that separates the inguinal canal from the vascular lacuna</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the caudal limit of the aponeurosis of the external abdominal oblique muscle?

    <p>The inguinal ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the prepubic tendon?

    <p>A tendon that attaches the abdominal muscles to the pelvis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the aponeuroses of the external and internal abdominal oblique muscles and transversus abdominis muscle?

    <p>They form the rectus sheath</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the superficial inguinal ring?

    <p>The opening of the inguinal canal</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The abdomen is divided into three main regions. What are they? (State in order)

    <p>Cranial, middle and caudal abdominal regions</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What region(s) make up the cranial abdomen?

    <p>Xiphoid and hypochondriac region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What regions make up the middle abdominal topographic region?

    <p>Umbilical and lateral abdominal region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What regions make up the caudal abdominal region?

    <p>Pubic region and Inguinal region</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the direction of the fibers to it’s correct muscle

    <p>External abdominal oblique m = Caudoventrally Internal Abdominal oblique m. = Cranioventrally Transversus abdominis m. = Transversely Rectus abdominis m. = Longitudinally</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match insertion to correct muscles

    <p>External abdominal oblique m. = Linda alba by a wide aponeurosis Internal abdominal oblique muscle = Costal arch, rectus abdominus, linea alba, and pre pubic tendon Transversus abdominis m. = Linea alba Rectus abdominis m. = First costal cartilage and sternum and pelvis by way of pre pubic tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the origins to correct muscle

    <p>External abdominal oblique = Ribs 4-13 and thoracolumbar fascia Internal abdominal oblique muscle = Tuber coxae, thoracolumbar fascia and Inguinal ligament Transversus abdominis m = Medial surfaces of rib 9-13 and transverse process of the lumbar vertebrae Rectus abdominis m. = First costal cartilage and sternum and pelvis by way of pre pubic tendon</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which muscle of the abdominal wall is the deepest abdominal muscle?

    <p>Transversus abdominis m.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What 3 borders make up the deep Inguinal ring?

    <p>The cranial, medial and latero-caudal border make up the deep Inguinal ring.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What muscle participates/contributes to the cranial border of the deep Inguinal ring?

    <p>Caudal border of internal abdominal oblique m.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ___________ m. is the muscle considered to be the medial border that contributes to forming the deep Inguinal ring

    <p>Rectus abdominus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The _____________ is considered the latero-caudal border that participates in forming the deep Inguinal ring.

    <p>Inguinal ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What 3 structures make up the deep Inguinal ring?

    <p>The rectus abdominis m. , the internal abdominal oblique m and the Inguinal ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What feature/characteristic makes the superficial Inguinal ring distinct?

    <p>It’s covered by thoracolumbar fascia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Abdominal Wall and Muscles

    • The abdominal wall consists of four layers: external abdominal oblique muscle, internal abdominal oblique muscle, transversus abdominis muscle, and rectus abdominis muscle.
    • The muscles of the abdominal wall function to compress the abdominal viscera, aid in expiration, urination, and defecation, and flex the vertebral column.

    External Abdominal Oblique Muscle

    • Origin: ribs 4-13 and thoracolumbar fascia
    • Insertion: linea alba by a wide aponeurosis
    • Innervation: ventral branches of thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves
    • Action: compression of the abdominal viscera, aids in expiration, urination, defecation, parturition, and flexion of the vertebral column

    Internal Abdominal Oblique Muscle

    • Location: medial to the external abdominal oblique muscle
    • Fiber direction: cranioventrally
    • Origin: tuber coxae, thoracolumbar fascia, and inguinal ligament
    • Insertion: costal arch, rectus abdominis, linea alba, and prepubic tendon
    • Innervation: ventral branches of thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves
    • Action: compression and support of the abdominal viscera

    Rectus Sheath

    • Formed by aponeuroses of the external abdominal oblique muscle, internal abdominal oblique muscle, and transversus abdominis muscle
    • Clinical importance: the holding layer when closing the abdomen

    Linea Alba

    • Midventral raphe (seam) where the aponeuroses of the left and right abdominal muscles meet
    • A thick, white, fibrous structure that runs from the xiphoid process to the pubic symphysis

    Inguinal Ligament

    • Separates the inguinal canal from the vascular lacuna
    • Caudal limit of the aponeurosis of the external abdominal oblique muscle

    Superficial Inguinal Ring

    • Formed by the aponeurosis of the external abdominal oblique muscle
    • Contains the spermatic cord, cremaster muscle, and vaginal process

    Prepubic Tendon

    • Strong attachment of abdominal muscles to the pelvis
    • Contains several structures: external pudendal artery and vein, genitofemoral nerve, lymphatics, and the vaginal process (in females)

    Inguinal Canal

    • Clinical importance: neutering, cryptorchidism, and inguinal hernias

    Cremaster Muscle

    • Origin: caudal border of the internal abdominal oblique muscle
    • Innervation: genitofemoral nerve
    • Action: pulls the testis closer to the body in response to cold

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    Description

    This quiz covers the external and internal abdominal oblique muscles in canine anatomy, including their location and functions.

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