Questions and Answers
What is a common characteristic of cancer cells compared to normal cells?
Which lifestyle factor is linked to a significant number of cancer cases?
What percentage of cancer deaths in the U.S. is estimated to be related to tobacco use?
How does cancer exacerbate dysfunction in the body?
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Which of the following cancers can potentially be prevented through vaccines?
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What is the primary reason cancer is the second leading cause of death in the U.S.?
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Which of these factors is NOT associated with an increased risk of developing cancer?
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What is one of the main consequences of metastasis in cancer?
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What is the most common cause of cancer death in the United States?
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Which screening has been shown to effectively reduce mortality rates?
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What is the primary risk factor for lung cancer?
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What was the 5-year relative survival rate for all cancers diagnosed between 2002 and 2008?
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What percentage of lung cancer deaths were expected in the U.S. for 2013?
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Which cancer site is most commonly reported among cancer survivors?
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What treatment modalities are often used for advanced lung cancer?
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What is the estimated percentage of cancer survivors who are 65 years of age or older?
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Which type of lung cancer is most common?
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What was the increase in the 1-year survival rate for lung cancer from 1975-1979 to 2005-2008?
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Study Notes
Overview of Cancer
- Cancer involves the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells that fail to reproduce in an organized manner, function normally, or undergo apoptosis.
- It is the second leading cause of death in the U.S., accounting for nearly 25% of all deaths, following cardiac diseases.
- Cancer can cause localized damage or dysfunction and may metastasize, leading to systemic failure and death.
- Significant contributors to cancer include tobacco use, heavy alcohol consumption, obesity, physical inactivity, and poor nutrition, all of which are preventable.
- Approximately 174,000 cancer deaths in 2013 were linked to tobacco use.
- Over 2 million skin cancers diagnosed annually can be prevented through sun protection and avoiding indoor tanning.
- Regular screenings reduce mortality rates for breast, colon, rectum, and cervix cancers and enhance early detection and treatment outcomes.
- The 5-year relative survival rate for all cancers improved to 68% (2002-2008) from 49% (1975-1977).
- As of January 2012, there were about 13.7 million cancer survivors in the U.S., with 59% aged 65 or older.
Lung Cancer
- Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer mortality in the U.S., accounting for about 14% of all cancer diagnoses.
- An estimated 159,480 deaths from lung cancer were projected in 2013, representing approximately 27% of all cancer deaths.
- Lung cancer incidence and death rates for men began declining two decades ago, with women seeing declines starting in the mid-2000s.
- The primary risk factor for lung cancer is cigarette smoking, responsible for an estimated 85% of cases.
- Known carcinogen exposures (e.g., second-hand smoke, radon, asbestos) additionally contribute to lung cancer risk.
- Lung cancer is classified mainly as small cell or non-small cell, with specific treatment determined by cell type and staging.
- The 1-year survival rate for lung cancer improved from 37% (1975-1979) to 44% (2005-2008), but the 5-year survival rate remains low at 16%.
- For advanced lung cancer where cure is not achievable, palliative care should be integrated early in treatment.
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Description
This quiz focuses on the pathophysiology and care plans surrounding cancer within the realm of medical-surgical nursing. Delve into the specifics of cancer cell proliferation, its uncontrolled nature, and implications for patient care. Test your knowledge on the vital aspects of managing cancer patients effectively.
