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Questions and Answers
What is cancer?
What is cancer?
- A single disease characterized by uncontrolled, normal cell growth
- A group of more than 100 different diseases characterized by uncontrolled, abnormal cell growth (correct)
- A group of less than 100 different diseases characterized by controlled, abnormal cell growth
- A single disease characterized by controlled, normal cell growth
How are cancer cells usually formed?
How are cancer cells usually formed?
- As a consequence of genetic alterations (correct)
- Due to lack of physical activity
- Due to hormonal imbalances
- As a consequence of environmental exposure only
What are the major classes of cancer characterized by?
What are the major classes of cancer characterized by?
- A single genetic abnormality leading to controlled cell proliferation and differentiation
- Hormonal imbalances
- Multiple genetic abnormalities leading to loss of control of cell proliferation and differentiation (correct)
- Environmental factors only
What are the hallmarks of cancer according to Douglas Hanahan and Robert Weinberg?
What are the hallmarks of cancer according to Douglas Hanahan and Robert Weinberg?
What is the distinguishing feature between benign and malignant tumors?
What is the distinguishing feature between benign and malignant tumors?
Flashcards
What is cancer?
What is cancer?
A group of over 100 diseases marked by uncontrolled, abnormal cell growth.
How are cancer cells formed?
How are cancer cells formed?
They typically arise due to genetic alterations affecting cell growth and regulation.
Major classes of cancer are characterized by?
Major classes of cancer are characterized by?
They are characterized by multiple genetic abnormalities, causing loss of control over cell division and specialization.
Hallmarks of cancer?
Hallmarks of cancer?
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Benign vs. Malignant Tumors?
Benign vs. Malignant Tumors?
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Study Notes
What is Cancer?
- Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by the uncontrolled growth and spread of abnormal cells.
Cancer Cell Formation
- Cancer cells are usually formed when a cell's DNA is damaged, and the cell's normal regulation of growth is disrupted.
Major Classes of Cancer
- The major classes of cancer are: Carcinomas, Sarcomas, Leukemias, Lymphomas, and Adenocarcinomas.
- Carcinomas arise from epithelial cells, which form the lining of organs and glands.
- Sarcomas arise from connective tissue cells, such as bone, cartilage, and fat.
- Leukemias arise from blood cells.
- Lymphomas arise from immune cells.
- Adenocarcinomas arise from glandular cells.
Hallmarks of Cancer
- According to Douglas Hanahan and Robert Weinberg, the hallmarks of cancer are: 1) sustaining proliferative signaling, 2) evading growth suppressors, 3) activating invasion and metastasis, 4) enabling replicative immortality, 5) inducing angiogenesis, and 6) reprogramming energy metabolism.
Benign and Malignant Tumors
- The distinguishing feature between benign and malignant tumors is their ability to invade and metastasize to other parts of the body.
- Benign tumors do not invade or metastasize, while malignant tumors do, and can lead to serious illness and death.
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