Canada's Justice System

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Questions and Answers

What is the primary focus of the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) concerning young offenders?

To impose stricter penalties than those for adults committing similar crimes.
To publicly name all young offenders to deter future crime.
To ensure young offenders receive the same sentences as adults.
To prioritize the rehabilitation and reintegration of young offenders into society. (correct)

Under what circumstances can a youth aged 12-14 be charged with a crime and sentenced as an adult in Canada?

Only if the youth has a prior criminal record.
Always, if the crime is deemed serious enough.
Never, the YCJA does not allow adult sentences for this age group. (correct)
If the youth is between 14-17 years old and the crimes are serious.

What is the role of 'extrajudicial measures' within the framework of the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA)?

They are strategies employed to avoid formal court processing for less serious offences. (correct)
They are used as a primary means of punishment for serious youth offenders.
They represent the formal court proceedings for youth charged with crimes.
They involve publishing the names of young offenders in the community.

How does the legal framework in Canada differentiate between the handling of adult and youth offenders?

Youth offenders are handled under the Youth Criminal Justice Act, focusing on rehabilitation, while adults are processed under the Criminal Code. (A) Signup and view all the answers

A 16-year-old is caught vandalizing a local community center. According to the YCJA, what is the most likely course of action?

The youth will face consequences that prioritize rehabilitation and may involve community service. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Why does the Youth Criminal Justice Act (YCJA) generally prohibit the publication of young offenders' names?

To protect their privacy and facilitate rehabilitation. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Under what condition names of young offenders can be published?

There are exceptions. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary difference between 'youth records' and 'criminal records'?

Youth records are treated differently and have specific rules about access and retention compared to criminal records. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What could be a potential consequence if a young person is found guilty of a crime?

Restitution and community service. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What does restorative justice emphasize?

Community, compassion and elders' involvement. (B) Signup and view all the answers

What fundamental principle guides the Canadian justice system in addressing youth crime?

Rehabilitation (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a legal responsibility of Canadian citizens?

Providing legal representation to accused individuals. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is generally understood as 'equity' in the context of the Canadian justice system?

Recognizing differences and providing the necessary support and accommodations to ensure fairness. (D) Signup and view all the answers

During which period in the history of youth justice in Canada was the goal to 're-train' youth?

1908-1984 (B) Signup and view all the answers

During which period in the history of youth justice in Canada did higher incarceration rates occur?

1984-2003 (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of the Youth Criminal Justice Act according to one of the slides?

Rehabilitate and reintegrate the youth, as well as protect the public. (C) Signup and view all the answers

What does NIMBY stand for?

Not In My Back Yard (D) Signup and view all the answers

What are the 6 main goals for sentencing youth under the YCJA

Rehabilitate, Make reparations, Acknowledge harm, Denounce, Deter, Separate (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the the following is not a component of deterrence?

Punishments must be severe (A) Signup and view all the answers

What should punishment match?

Punishment must match the the crime committed (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not a key factor in determining fair consequence?

Wealth of the offender (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why do Elders and other Indigenous leaders emphasize the need for compassion and belonging?

As a form of restorative justice (C) Signup and view all the answers

How are conferences or healing circles used?

As a form of restorative justice (A) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of young people admitted to correctional services Canada are Indigenous youth

46% (B) Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of the total youth population in Canada are Indigenous youth?

8% (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the message portrayed in the 'Violent Youth' cartoon?

Putting youth in jail won't deter crime. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Complete the sentence: People believe in rehabilitation, but...

...do not want 'criminals' anywhere near them... (D) Signup and view all the answers

The Youth Criminal Justice Act deals with youth who are aged...

From 12-17 years of age (C) Signup and view all the answers

According to to slide, a key goal of a YCJA Info Poster for youth must include...

...key points of the Youth Criminal Justice Act. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Fairness

Impartiality and fairness in treatment or application of rules in the justice system.

Equity

Fairness in every area of life, not just in work or school. Every person having the same access, resources and opportunities.

Criminal Code

Deals with adults (18+), includes criminal records for offenders and publication of offender's names.