Canada's Historical Events and Policies
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Questions and Answers

What was the primary goal of the FLQ?

  • To improve economic conditions in Quebec.
  • To promote Quebec's cultural identity.
  • To reform the Canadian government.
  • To separate Quebec from Canada. (correct)

    • The October Crisis was marked by the kidnapping and murder of a British diplomat.

    False (B)

    What event caused a shift in Canadian public opinion against the Soviet Union?

    The Gouzenko Affair

    The Governor General is the representative of the ______ in a constitutional monarchy.

    <p>monarch</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following political figures with their roles:

    <p>Robert Bourassa = Premier of Quebec during the October Crisis John Diefenbaker = 13th Prime Minister of Canada Pierre Laporte = Quebec Minister kidnapped during the October Crisis Igor Gouzenko = Soviet spy who defected to Canada</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key action taken by Canada under Prime Minister Louis St.Laurent in response to the emerging Cold War?

    <p>Securing Canada's participation in NATO (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these institutions is responsible for making and passing laws in Canada?

    <p>House of Commons (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Trans-Canada Highway was completed before Louis St. Laurent became Prime Minister.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Governor General has the power to appoint the Prime Minister, regardless of the election results.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant contribution of John Humphrey?

    <p>John Humphrey was a Canadian lawyer known for his pivotal role in the development of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant achievement is attributed to John Diefenbaker?

    <p>The introduction of the Canadian Bill of Rights</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Korean War was seen as consistent with Canada's ______ policy.

    <p>foreign</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following political figures with their respective political roles:

    <p>John Humphrey = Canadian lawyer known for his role in developing the Universal Declaration of Human Rights Louis St. Laurent = Prime Minister of Canada from 1948 to 1957 Lester B. Pearson = Prime Minister of Canada known for his peacekeeping efforts</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a responsibility of a Member of Parliament (MP) in Canada?

    <p>Passing provincial laws (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLAs) are elected officials at the federal level in Canada.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Define 'judicial branch' in the context of Canadian government.

    <p>The judicial branch of the Canadian government is responsible for interpreting and applying the law, ensuring its consistency with the Canadian constitution.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the Prime Minister of Canada during the Second World War?

    <p>William Lyon Mackenzie King (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Canadian Bill of Rights was introduced by Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant event occurred in Cuba during Fidel Castro's time as Prime Minister?

    <p>The Cuban Missile Crisis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Canadian Constitution Act of 1982 enshrined the ______ and established a more comprehensive set of legal protections for Canadians.

    <p>Charter of Rights and Freedoms</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following individuals with their significant contributions to Canadian history:

    <p>John Humphrey = Drafted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights Ethel and Julius Rosenberg = American communists convicted of espionage Fidel Castro = Prime Minister of Cuba during the Cuban Missile Crisis Donald Marshall = Subject of a landmark legal case involving wrongful conviction for murder Richard Bennett = Prime Minister of Canada during the Great Depression William Lyon Mackenzie King = Prime Minister of Canada during the Second World War Louis St.Laurent = Prime Minister who joined NATO and the United Nations John Diefenbaker = Prime Minister who introduced the Canadian Bill of Rights and granted voting rights to indigenous Canadians Lester B. Pearson = Prime Minister responsible for establishing the Canadian healthcare system and the national flag Pierre Trudeau = Prime Minister who patriated the Constitution and implemented official bilingualism Joe Clark = Briefly served as Prime Minister of Canada Pierre Trudeau (second term) = Prime Minister during the 1970 October Crisis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Canadian Bill of Rights was more comprehensive and provided more guarantees than the Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the name of the major highway project completed during Louis St.Laurent's time as Prime Minister?

    <p>The Trans-Canada Highway</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which Prime Minister is known for their involvement in the 1970 October Crisis?

    <p>Pierre Trudeau (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of a Party Whip in a legislative body?

    <p>A Party Whip is responsible for ensuring that members of their party vote according to the party's position on issues, often using persuasion or other means to maintain discipline.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following were significant reforms implemented during the Quiet Revolution in Quebec? (Select all that apply)

    <p>Reformation of education and healthcare (A), Increased control over natural resources (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Trans-Canada Highway was completed in the 1920s.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The War Measures Act grants the federal government ______ powers during times of national emergency or wartime.

    <p>emergency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following historical events with their descriptions:

    <p>Suez Crisis = A period of significant social, cultural, and economic change in Quebec Quiet Revolution = A conflict that resulted in Britain's decline as a global power Western Alienation = A feeling of resentment among Western Canadians towards the federal government in Ottawa Residential and Day Schools = A policy that resulted in significant cultural loss and trauma for Indigenous children Vietnam War = A long conflict involving the United States and other countries in Southeast Asia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a part of the Canadian Parliament?

    <p>The Supreme Court (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______________ was introduced to help Canada become more energy independent and keep oil prices lower for Canadians.

    <p>National Energy Program</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Parti Quebecois is a political party in Quebec that advocates for the province's separation from Canada.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary reason for the United States' boycott of the 1980 Moscow Olympics?

    <p>The Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following terms with their correct definitions.

    <p>MPs = Members of the House of Commons, elected to represent their respective electoral districts. MLAs = Members of the Legislative Assembly, elected to represent their provincial or territorial constituency. NORAD = A joint US-Canadian military organization focused on defending North American airspace. Parti Quebecois = A political party in Quebec advocating for the province's separation from Canada.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following organizations was established to provide defense for North American airspace against Soviet nuclear weapons?

    <p>NORAD (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The three radar stations established as part of NORAD were __________, __________, and __________.

    Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following events contributed to the growth of environmental concerns in Canada during the mid-20th century?

    <p>All of the above. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ Act aimed to promote and preserve bilingualism in Canada.

    <p>Official Languages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary objective of the Quiet Revolution in Quebec?

    <p>To achieve greater autonomy and control over Quebec's social, cultural, and economic affairs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Canadian Bill of Rights was a constitutional document that guaranteed fundamental freedoms to all Canadians.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following international organizations with their primary focus:

    <p>UN = Promoting international peace and cooperation. NATO = Collective defense of member states. NORAD = Joint aerospace warning and defense system. OAS = Promoting cooperation and dialogue among nations in the Americas.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan was a key reason for the U.S. boycott of the 1980 Moscow Olympics.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The ______ is a military defense command located in Canada, partnering with the United States, to protect North American airspace.

    <p>North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following Canadian government bodies with their corresponding functions:

    <p>Parliament = Creates and passes laws House of Commons = Elected representatives responsible for representing the people Senate = Reviews and amends legislation, provides advice on government policies Governor General = Represents the Crown and grants royal assent to bills</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Auto Pact

    • The Automotive Products Trade Agreement of 1965 integrated Canadian and US auto industries, creating a stronger Canadian presence in the North American market.

    Avro Arrow

    • The Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow was a supersonic interceptor jet aircraft, designed in the 1950s.
    • It helped establish Canada as a leader in scientific research and development.

    Berlin Airlift

    • The Soviet blockade prevented access to allied-controlled areas of Berlin.

    Bilingualism

    • The Official Languages Act granted Canadians the right to federal services in either English or French.
    • Bill 101 in Quebec made French the official language of the province.

    Cabinet/Cabinet Ministers

    • Cabinet ministers share collective responsibility for government policies.
    • The Governor General formally appoints ministers chosen by the Prime Minister.
    • Most are Members of Parliament (MPs), and may also be Senators.
    • They are responsible for government departments and report on their activities to Parliament.
    • Cabinet and Prime Minister regularly discuss policies, spending, bills, and programs.

    Canadian Bill of Rights/ Charter of Rights and Freedoms

    • The Canadian Bill of Rights was a limited step in protecting rights.
    • The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms provided stronger protections for fundamental freedoms.

    Confidence motion

    • A formal vote in a parliamentary system determines if the government retains the support of the legislature.

    Conscription Crisis (WWII)

    • Disagreements arose over mandatory military service.
    • Initially, the government of William Lyon Mackenzie King opposed conscription, preferring volunteers.
    • However, increasing pressure led to more troops being required.

    Constitution Act and Charter of Rights and Freedoms

    • The Constitution Act establishes Canada's legal structure and function.
    • The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms guarantees fundamental rights and freedoms.

    Construction of the St. Lawrence Seaway

    • Before the Seaway, goods movement on the Great Lakes was limited.
    • The Seaway improved trade by enabling larger vessels, increasing economic growth for both Canada and the USA.
    • The Canada and USA governments signed an agreement in 1954 to construct the Seaway.

    Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF)

    • A socialist and social democratic political party.

    Cuban Missile Crisis

    • A 13 day confrontation between the USA and the Soviet Union in 1962, involving the presence of Soviet nuclear missiles in Cuba.
    • The crisis brought the world close to nuclear war.

    Ethel and Julius Rosenberg

    • American citizens convicted of espionage for passing nuclear secrets to the Soviet Union during the Cold War.

    Executive Branch

    • One of the three main branches of the Canadian government, along with Legislative and judicial.

    Federal

    • One of the three branches of the Canadian government, along with executive and judicial.

    Fidel Castro

    • Prime Minister of Cuba (1959-1976).
    • The Cuban missile crisis occurred in 1962 when the Soviet Union placed nuclear missiles in Cuba.
    • The crisis was eventually resolved peacefully.

    FLQ (Front de libération du Québec) / October Crisis

    • A separatist and terrorist group in Quebec.
    • The October Crisis of 1970 involved kidnappings and the murder of Pierre Laporte.
    • The actions led to a major crisis.

    Igor Gouzenko Affair

    • A Soviet spy who revealed Soviet espionage activities in Canada.
    • This increased awareness and suspicion of the Soviet Union.

    House of Commons

    • The lower house of the Canadian Parliament.
    • MPs are elected representatives who participate in legislative debates and vote on laws.

    Japanese Internment Camps

    • Over 120,000 Japanese Canadians were forcibly relocated and detained during World War II.

    Judicial Branch

    • One of the three main branches of the Canadian government, along with Executive and Legislative branches.

    Korean War

    • Canada sent troops in support of South Korea in a UN action.

    Leader of the Opposition

    • The leader of the political party who did not win the federal election.

    Legislative Branch

    • Another of the three branches of the Canadian government; the branch that creates laws.

    Lester B. Pearson

    • Prime Minister of Canada (1963-1968).

    Louis St. Laurent

    • Prime Minister of Canada (1948-1957).

    Moscow Olympics Boycott

    • Many countries protested the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan by not participating in the Moscow Olympics.

    Multiculturalism Act

    • Encouraged immigration based on economic needs, rather than ethnicity.

    National Energy Program

    • The National energy program was implemented by the Canadian government to boost the Canadian economy.
    • The policy aimed to make Canada more energy independent and to lower prices for Canadians.

    North American Aerospace Defense Command (NORAD)

    • A binational agreement between the USA and Canada to defend airspace from the Arctic to the Tropics against Soviet nuclear weapons.

    Official Languages Act

    • Ensured federal government services were available in both English and French.

    Oil and Gas Development

    • Growth in oil sands development in Alberta.
    • Advances in technology and the National Energy Program occurred.

    October Crisis

    • A political crisis in 1970.
    • The main event was the kidnapping and murder of Pierre Laporte, a Quebec Minister.

    Parti Québécois

    • A political party in Quebec supporting Quebec sovereignty.

    Parliament

    • Federal law-making body.
    • The Crown, Senate, and House of Commons are the three main parts of Parliament.

    Party Whip

    • A legislator chosen by a political party to help enforce discipline.

    Pierre Trudeau

    • Prime Minister of Canada (1968-1979 & 1980-1984).

    Prime Minister

    • The head of government in Canada, usually the leader of the political party with the most seats in the House of Commons.

    Provincial/Municipal

    • The levels of government below the national (Federal) level.

    Question Period

    • Daily sessions giving MPs a chance to question the prime minister and cabinet ministers.

    Quiet Revolution

    • The period of social, political, economic and cultural change that occurred in Quebec in the 1960s.
    • It reformed the education and resource systems, and dealt with the rising sense of Quebec nationalism.

    Red Scare

    • A period of moral panic provoked by fear of the rise, supposed or real, of left-wing ideologies in society.

    Referendum on Quebec Sovereignty

    • Elections held to give the citizens the chance to vote on whether or not Quebec should separate from Canada.
    • Both votes failed.

    Residential and Day Schools

    • Forced assimilation of indigenous children.
    • The schools resulted in cultural and intergenerational trauma, and caused cultural loss.

    Senate

    • The upper house of the Canadian Parliament.
    • Senators are appointed, not elected by the people.

    Speaker of the House

    • The presiding officer of the House of Commons, responsible for making decisions on procedure, and enforcing rules, for all members.
    • They are expected to be neutral and impartial.

    St. Lawrence Seaway

    • A waterway enabling larger vessels to travel between the Great Lakes and the Atlantic Ocean, promoting trade and economic growth.

    Suez Crisis

    • The leader of Egypt nationalized the Suez Canal, which led to military conflicts.
    • The UN intervened, and Britain withdrew its forces.

    Trans-Canada Highway

    • The longest highway in the world built across Canada.
    • The highway facilitated transportation and improved trade across the country.

    Trans-Canada Pipeline

    • A large pipeline built to carry oil from Alberta to the rest of Canada.

    War Measures Act

    • Gives the federal government emergency powers during wartime, including those over civil liberties.

    Western Alienation

    • A feeling of Western Canada that the federal government unfairly favours central Canada.

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    Description

    This quiz explores significant historical events and policies in Canada, including the Auto Pact, the Avro Arrow, the Berlin Airlift, bilingualism, and cabinet responsibilities. Test your knowledge on how these elements have shaped Canada's identity and governance.

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