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Questions and Answers
Which photosystem is not involved in Cyclic Photophosphorylation?
Which photosystem is not involved in Cyclic Photophosphorylation?
In Non-Cyclic Photophosphorylation, electrons travel in a _______ manner.
In Non-Cyclic Photophosphorylation, electrons travel in a _______ manner.
What is the by-product of Non-Cyclic Photophosphorylation?
What is the by-product of Non-Cyclic Photophosphorylation?
In which process is water not required?
In which process is water not required?
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What is the active reaction center in Cyclic Photophosphorylation?
What is the active reaction center in Cyclic Photophosphorylation?
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What is the end product of the Calvin Cycle?
What is the end product of the Calvin Cycle?
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Where does the Dark Reaction occur?
Where does the Dark Reaction occur?
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What drives the reaction in the Calvin Cycle?
What drives the reaction in the Calvin Cycle?
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What is the name of the process that captures carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
What is the name of the process that captures carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
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What is the name of the cycle where CO2 is fixed and reduced to form glucose?
What is the name of the cycle where CO2 is fixed and reduced to form glucose?
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Study Notes
Calvin Cycle Definition
- The Calvin cycle, also known as the C3 cycle or light-independent or dark reaction of photosynthesis, is a set of chemical reactions that reduce carbon dioxide and other compounds into glucose.
Chemical Equation
- The Calvin cycle can be reduced to the following chemical equation: 3CO2 + 6 NADPH + 5H2O + 9ATP → G3P + 2H+ + 6 NADP+ + 9 ADP + 8 Pi
- G3P stands for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
Importance of Calvin Cycle
- The Calvin cycle is responsible for converting CO2 into glucose, which is then stored as carbohydrates (starch and sucrose) in plant cells
- The energy required for this process comes from ATP and NADPH produced during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis
Stages of Calvin Cycle
- Carbon fixation: CO2 binds to RuBP to form phosphoglycerate, catalyzed by the enzyme RuBisCO
- Reduction: 3-PGA molecules are converted into glucose using energy from ATP and NADPH
- Regeneration: G3P molecules are used to produce glucose, while others are recycled to regenerate RuBP
Key Points on C3 Cycle
- C3 cycle refers to the dark reaction of photosynthesis
- It is indirectly dependent on light and uses energy carriers produced during light-dependent reactions
- The cycle consists of three stages: carbon fixation, reduction, and regeneration
Difference between Cyclic and Non-Cyclic Photophosphorylation
- Cyclic photophosphorylation involves only Photosystem I, producing ATP
- Non-cyclic photophosphorylation involves both Photosystem I and II, producing ATP and NADPH
Dark Reaction of Photosynthesis
- Also known as carbon-fixing reaction or biochemical reaction
- A light-independent process that forms sugar molecules from water and carbon dioxide
- Occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast, utilizing NADPH and ATP products of the light reaction
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Description
Learn about the Calvin cycle, also known as the C3 cycle or light-independent or dark reaction of photosynthesis, and its role in reducing carbon dioxide and other compounds into glucose.
