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Questions and Answers
Which photosystem is not involved in Cyclic Photophosphorylation?
In Non-Cyclic Photophosphorylation, electrons travel in a _______ manner.
What is the by-product of Non-Cyclic Photophosphorylation?
In which process is water not required?
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What is the active reaction center in Cyclic Photophosphorylation?
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What is the end product of the Calvin Cycle?
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Where does the Dark Reaction occur?
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What drives the reaction in the Calvin Cycle?
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What is the name of the process that captures carbon dioxide from the atmosphere?
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What is the name of the cycle where CO2 is fixed and reduced to form glucose?
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Study Notes
Calvin Cycle Definition
- The Calvin cycle, also known as the C3 cycle or light-independent or dark reaction of photosynthesis, is a set of chemical reactions that reduce carbon dioxide and other compounds into glucose.
Chemical Equation
- The Calvin cycle can be reduced to the following chemical equation: 3CO2 + 6 NADPH + 5H2O + 9ATP → G3P + 2H+ + 6 NADP+ + 9 ADP + 8 Pi
- G3P stands for glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate
Importance of Calvin Cycle
- The Calvin cycle is responsible for converting CO2 into glucose, which is then stored as carbohydrates (starch and sucrose) in plant cells
- The energy required for this process comes from ATP and NADPH produced during the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis
Stages of Calvin Cycle
- Carbon fixation: CO2 binds to RuBP to form phosphoglycerate, catalyzed by the enzyme RuBisCO
- Reduction: 3-PGA molecules are converted into glucose using energy from ATP and NADPH
- Regeneration: G3P molecules are used to produce glucose, while others are recycled to regenerate RuBP
Key Points on C3 Cycle
- C3 cycle refers to the dark reaction of photosynthesis
- It is indirectly dependent on light and uses energy carriers produced during light-dependent reactions
- The cycle consists of three stages: carbon fixation, reduction, and regeneration
Difference between Cyclic and Non-Cyclic Photophosphorylation
- Cyclic photophosphorylation involves only Photosystem I, producing ATP
- Non-cyclic photophosphorylation involves both Photosystem I and II, producing ATP and NADPH
Dark Reaction of Photosynthesis
- Also known as carbon-fixing reaction or biochemical reaction
- A light-independent process that forms sugar molecules from water and carbon dioxide
- Occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast, utilizing NADPH and ATP products of the light reaction
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Description
Learn about the Calvin cycle, also known as the C3 cycle or light-independent or dark reaction of photosynthesis, and its role in reducing carbon dioxide and other compounds into glucose.
