15 Questions
What is the purpose of finding the theoretical yield in chemistry?
To calculate the maximum quantity of product that can be formed
What is an essential step in deriving the theoretical yield?
Balancing the chemical equation
How do we balance chemical equations?
By adjusting the coefficients of the molecules
What is a coefficient in a chemical equation?
The number in front of a molecule
Why is it important to have the same number of atoms on both sides of a chemical equation?
To ensure no atoms are lost during the reaction
What purpose does converting from grams to moles serve in finding theoretical yield?
To simplify calculations based on molar quantities
In calculating theoretical yield, why must the mass of the individual product be less than the mass of reactants?
To ensure that there is no excess reactant left over after the reaction.
What is used to find the moles to grams conversion between reactants and products?
Stoichiometry
In stoichiometry, what is the reason for flipping the molecular mass from g/mol to mol/g?
To convert from grams to moles
What does the percent yield equation represent?
The efficiency of the experiment
What potential reason could result in a percent yield larger than 100%?
Competing reactions in the experiment
When experiments do not go 100% efficiently, what is the most common occurrence for percent yield?
Percent yield smaller than 100%
Which step comes after calculating the moles of each reactant when using stoichiometry to find the yield?
Find the limiting reactant
In yield science, what is needed to calculate the theoretical and percent yield of a reaction?
Balanced chemical equation
'Incorrect product recovery' can be a possible reason for which type of percent yield?
% Yield smaller than 100%
Study Notes
Calculation of Theoretical Yield
- Theoretical yield is the maximum amount of product that can be formed in a reaction if conditions are perfect.
- It's based on the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation.
- Steps to derive theoretical yield:
- Balance the chemical equation
- List known variables (mass of reactants)
- Find molar mass of reactants from the periodic table
- Use stoichiometry to convert mass of reactants to mass of products
- Check: mass of individual product given must be less than mass of reactants
Balancing Chemical Equations
- Balanced chemical equations have the same number of atoms on both sides.
- To achieve this, coefficients (numbers in front of molecules) can be changed.
- Coefficient is multiplied by the subscript of each atom to find the number of atoms.
Calculating Molar Mass
- Molar mass is found by adding up the grams for each atom in the molecule from the periodic table.
- To convert from grams to moles, use the molar mass: grams / (molar mass in g/mol) = moles
Theoretical Yield Equation
- Find the limiting reactant and calculate the amount of product produced using it.
- First, set up a balanced chemical equation.
- Then, find the molar mass of reactants and products.
- Next, find the moles of each reactant.
- Finally, use stoichiometry to find the yield of the product.
Percent Yield
- Percent yield is the ratio of actual yield over theoretical yield multiplied by 100%.
- It's calculated using the equation: percent yield = actual yield/theoretical yield x 100%
- Reasons for getting a percent yield larger than 100%: incorrect measurements, competing reactions, or human error.
- Reasons for getting a percent yield smaller than 100%: incorrect product recovery, competing reactions, or human error.
Yield Science
- Yield science is used to find the theoretical yield and percent yield of a reaction.
- Example: decomposition of potassium chlorate into oxygen gas.
- Theoretical yield is calculated using stoichiometry.
- Percent yield is calculated using the actual yield and theoretical yield.
Learn how to calculate theoretical yield in chemistry by understanding the maximum amount of product that could be formed in a reaction based on the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation. Follow steps such as balancing the chemical equation and identifying known variables like the given mass of reactants.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
