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Questions and Answers
What is the purpose of finding the theoretical yield in chemistry?
What is the purpose of finding the theoretical yield in chemistry?
What is an essential step in deriving the theoretical yield?
What is an essential step in deriving the theoretical yield?
How do we balance chemical equations?
How do we balance chemical equations?
What is a coefficient in a chemical equation?
What is a coefficient in a chemical equation?
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Why is it important to have the same number of atoms on both sides of a chemical equation?
Why is it important to have the same number of atoms on both sides of a chemical equation?
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What purpose does converting from grams to moles serve in finding theoretical yield?
What purpose does converting from grams to moles serve in finding theoretical yield?
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In calculating theoretical yield, why must the mass of the individual product be less than the mass of reactants?
In calculating theoretical yield, why must the mass of the individual product be less than the mass of reactants?
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What is used to find the moles to grams conversion between reactants and products?
What is used to find the moles to grams conversion between reactants and products?
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In stoichiometry, what is the reason for flipping the molecular mass from g/mol to mol/g?
In stoichiometry, what is the reason for flipping the molecular mass from g/mol to mol/g?
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What does the percent yield equation represent?
What does the percent yield equation represent?
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What potential reason could result in a percent yield larger than 100%?
What potential reason could result in a percent yield larger than 100%?
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When experiments do not go 100% efficiently, what is the most common occurrence for percent yield?
When experiments do not go 100% efficiently, what is the most common occurrence for percent yield?
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Which step comes after calculating the moles of each reactant when using stoichiometry to find the yield?
Which step comes after calculating the moles of each reactant when using stoichiometry to find the yield?
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In yield science, what is needed to calculate the theoretical and percent yield of a reaction?
In yield science, what is needed to calculate the theoretical and percent yield of a reaction?
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'Incorrect product recovery' can be a possible reason for which type of percent yield?
'Incorrect product recovery' can be a possible reason for which type of percent yield?
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Study Notes
Calculation of Theoretical Yield
- Theoretical yield is the maximum amount of product that can be formed in a reaction if conditions are perfect.
- It's based on the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation.
- Steps to derive theoretical yield:
- Balance the chemical equation
- List known variables (mass of reactants)
- Find molar mass of reactants from the periodic table
- Use stoichiometry to convert mass of reactants to mass of products
- Check: mass of individual product given must be less than mass of reactants
Balancing Chemical Equations
- Balanced chemical equations have the same number of atoms on both sides.
- To achieve this, coefficients (numbers in front of molecules) can be changed.
- Coefficient is multiplied by the subscript of each atom to find the number of atoms.
Calculating Molar Mass
- Molar mass is found by adding up the grams for each atom in the molecule from the periodic table.
- To convert from grams to moles, use the molar mass: grams / (molar mass in g/mol) = moles
Theoretical Yield Equation
- Find the limiting reactant and calculate the amount of product produced using it.
- First, set up a balanced chemical equation.
- Then, find the molar mass of reactants and products.
- Next, find the moles of each reactant.
- Finally, use stoichiometry to find the yield of the product.
Percent Yield
- Percent yield is the ratio of actual yield over theoretical yield multiplied by 100%.
- It's calculated using the equation: percent yield = actual yield/theoretical yield x 100%
- Reasons for getting a percent yield larger than 100%: incorrect measurements, competing reactions, or human error.
- Reasons for getting a percent yield smaller than 100%: incorrect product recovery, competing reactions, or human error.
Yield Science
- Yield science is used to find the theoretical yield and percent yield of a reaction.
- Example: decomposition of potassium chlorate into oxygen gas.
- Theoretical yield is calculated using stoichiometry.
- Percent yield is calculated using the actual yield and theoretical yield.
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Description
Learn how to calculate theoretical yield in chemistry by understanding the maximum amount of product that could be formed in a reaction based on the stoichiometry of the balanced chemical equation. Follow steps such as balancing the chemical equation and identifying known variables like the given mass of reactants.
