Calculating True Air Speed and Fuel Burn
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Questions and Answers

What is the cruise distance during flight planning?

  • The speed of the aircraft relative to the ground.
  • The time spent flying at a constant altitude and speed.
  • The indicated airspeed on the aircraft's airspeed indicator.
  • The distance traveled during the cruise phase of flight. (correct)

    • Which altitude is affected by the altimeter setting?

  • Minimum Elevation Figure
  • Pressure Altitude (correct)
  • Maximum Elevation Figure
  • Cruise Altitude

    • What do VFR flight rules require from the pilot?

  • Navigating by visual reference to the ground. (correct)
  • Navigating solely by instrument readings.
  • Maintaining a constant power setting throughout the flight.
  • Flying with a specified pressure altitude.

    • What is the function of Calibrated Airspeed (CAS)?

    <p>The airspeed indicated on the aircraft's airspeed indicator.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'climb fuel' refer to in flight planning?

    <p>The amount of fuel required for the aircraft to climb to a certain altitude.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is necessary to determine pressure altitude?

    <p>The altimeter setting.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the term 'cruise altitude' signify in flight planning?

    <p>The altitude at which the aircraft will fly during the cruise phase.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following accurately describes Compass Deviation?

    <p>It is the difference between the compass reading and true direction.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the lapse rate used for calculating outside air temperature (OAT) per 1,000 feet?

    <p>7.7°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the pressure altitude is 45,100 feet, what is the outside air temperature (OAT) if the ISA temperature is plus 6°C?

    <p>minus 14°C</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How is true air speed calculated according to the provided chart?

    <p>By averaging two values from the chart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the formula for calculating fuel burn?

    <p>Fuel Burn = True Air Speed / 100</p> Signup and view all the answers

    If the true air speed is 86 kts and the power setting is 22,100, what would be the fuel burn?

    <p>106 gallons per hour</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What percentage increase should be applied if the temperature is 20°C above standard?

    <p>20%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the climb performance chart display?

    <p>The relationship between pressure altitude and climb performance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What must be corrected if the temperature is below standard?

    <p>Decrease the values in the chart by 1%</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What factors should be considered when planning a flight?

    <p>Both climb and cruise performance calculations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How do you calculate total time for a flight including both climb and cruise phases?

    <p>Add climb performance time to cruise performance time</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What information is crucial for calculating cruise distance?

    <p>Distance used during climb and total distance</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does NOTAM stand for?

    <p>Notice to Airmen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of information is not typically included in a NOTAM format?

    <p>Magnetic bearing of the flight</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which is NOT a source of weather information for flight planning?

    <p>Speed of sound</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the true airspeed of an aircraft?

    <p>The speed of the aircraft relative to the air mass around it</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary difference between a rum line and a great circle?

    <p>A great circle is the shortest path between two points on a sphere</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a key item required for the flight planning form?

    <p>Climb rate of the aircraft</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why is it important to check NOTAMs before flight planning?

    <p>To be informed about potential hazards or changes in airspace</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should you do to access upper winds and temperature data for flight planning?

    <p>Use the Nat Canada site with specified airport codes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When calculating the true track for a flight plan, why is magnetic variation important?

    <p>It indicates the difference between magnetic north and true north</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the significance of including cruising speed in the flight planning form?

    <p>To have a basis for estimating the time to destination</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Calculating True Air Speed and Fuel Burn

    • True air speed (TAS) calculation involves interpolating values from a chart based on power setting and outside air temperature (OAT).
    • OAT calculation uses the International Standard Atmosphere (ISA) temperature at sea level, a lapse rate of 7.7°C per 1000 feet, and the pressure altitude.
    • For example, at a 45,100-foot pressure altitude with an ISA temperature of +6°C, the OAT would be -14°C.
    • TAS is calculated by averaging two values from the chart corresponding to the power setting.
    • Fuel burn is determined using the formula: Fuel Burn = (True air speed * Power setting) / 100.
    • Example: At 86 kts TAS and a 22100 power setting, the fuel burn is 106 gallons per hour.

    Climb Performance Chart

    • The chart relates pressure altitude to time to climb, fuel burn, and distance.
    • Example values for 1000 and 5000 feet pressure altitude:
      • 1000 ft: 1.3 minutes to climb, 1.6 gallons fuel burn, and 8 nautical miles.
      • 5000 ft: 7 minutes to climb, 2.44 gallons fuel burn, and 8 nautical miles.
    • Temperature corrections (1% per degree of difference from standard) are necessary for accurate calculations.

    Flight Planning

    • Cruise distance calculation requires subtracting the climb distance from the total distance.
    • A flight from Brantford to Timbuktu with a 100 NM total distance and a 50 NM climb distance results in a 150 NM cruise distance.
    • NOTAMs (Notices to Air Missions) inform pilots of potential hazards or airspace changes.
    • Different NOTAM types include: New (N), Replacing (R), Canceling (C).
    • NOTAMs have a specific format with components like the issuing airport, start/end dates and times, daily schedule, and explanations.

    Weather Information

    • Upper winds and temperature information are vital for flight planning.
    • Sources include the Nat Canada website for airport codes like CYTZ (Toronto) and CYQG (Windsor).
    • Data includes METARs, TAFs, and weather forecasts.
    • Flight Rules: VFR (Visual Flight Rules) and IFR (Instrument Flight Rules) guide navigation.

    Flight Planning Form

    • A flight planning form contains essential information with 37 items.
    • Key information includes destination, distance, cruising speed, magnetic bearing, True airspeed, time to destination, flight rules, weight/balance, RPM, pressure altitude, cruise altitude, wind direction/speed, and fuel.

    Route Planning

    • Rum lines (straight lines on maps) and great circles (shortest distances on a sphere) are used in flight planning.
    • A plotter can be used to illustrate the true track of the flight.
    • Account for Magnetic Variation when calculating true track.

    Essential Flight Information

    • Flight information includes cruise time, cruise distance, power setting (RPM), True airspeed, calibrated airspeed (CAS), ground speed, and flight rules.

    Altitude Planning

    • Altitude Type includes minimum elevation, maximum elevation, cruise altitude, and pressure altitude.
    • Pressure altitude (PA) is the altimeter reading, but is affected by altimeter setting.

    Additional Flight Information

    • Considerations for flight planning include compass deviation, outside air temperature, climb distance, climb fuel, and cruise fuel.

    Flight Planning Example

    • Departure airport: CYV
    • Destination: Collingwood
    • Cruise altitude: 45,100 feet
    • Power setting: 24,100 RPM
    • Departure temperature: +23°C

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    Description

    This quiz tests your understanding of true air speed (TAS) calculations and fuel burn formulas. You'll learn to apply concepts such as outside air temperature (OAT) and pressure altitude to determine flight metrics. Dive into climb performance charts and fuel efficiency calculations essential for aviation.

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