18 Questions
Which of the following statements about calcium channel blockers (CCBs) is correct?
Nifedipine and amlodipine do not reduce heart rate and contractility.
Which of the following statements about potassium channel openers is incorrect?
They are considered first-line therapy for anti-ischemic treatment due to their potent effects.
Which of the following statements about beta-blockers is correct?
They are considered the first choice for long-term use in reducing the incidence of sudden death.
Which of the following statements about organic nitrates is correct?
They are NO donors that induce venular dilation and are chemically related to potassium channel openers.
Which of the following statements about pFOX inhibitors is incorrect?
They belong to the same class as beta-blockers and calcium channel blockers.
Which of the following statements about the effects of calcium channel blockers is correct?
Non-dihydropyridines like verapamil and diltiazem have marked effects on arteriolar vasodilatation.
Which of the following statements about calcium channel blockers is correct?
They selectively block L-type calcium channels in vascular smooth muscle cells, leading to vasodilation.
Which of the following is NOT a pharmacological action of calcium channel blockers in the context of angina relief?
Increasing heart rate (+ve chronotropism)
Which of the following statements about organic nitrates is correct?
They cause vasodilation by increasing the production of nitric oxide.
Which of the following is a dihydropyridine calcium channel blocker?
Nifedipine sustained release
Which of the following statements about non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers is correct?
They are examples of verapamil and diltiazem.
Which of the following statements about beta-blockers is correct, based on the given information?
They are mentioned as one of the drug classes used for angina treatment.
What is the primary mechanism of action of organic nitrates in the treatment of angina?
Vasodilation of veins, reducing preload and ventricular filling pressure
Which of the following statements about the pharmacological actions of organic nitrates is NOT true?
They inhibit the enzyme $\text{pFOX}$, leading to reduced myocardial oxygen demand
Why are organic nitrates administered via sublingual, buccal, or transdermal routes?
To bypass first-pass metabolism in the liver, ensuring direct systemic arrival of the drugs
Which class of anti-anginal drugs acts by inhibiting calcium entry into vascular smooth muscle cells?
Dihydropyridines
Which of the following mechanisms of action is NOT associated with non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers in the treatment of angina?
Activation of protein kinase G (PKG), leading to vascular smooth muscle relaxation
What is the primary mechanism of action of beta-blockers in the treatment of angina?
Negative chronotropic and inotropic effects, reducing myocardial oxygen demand
Test your knowledge on the different effects of verapamil, diltiazem, nifedipine, and amlodipine, with a focus on heart rate, contractility, and vasodilation. Learn about the dangers of using short-acting nifedipine in clinical practice.
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