Podcast
Questions and Answers
What are the two commercially grown species of coffee?
What are the two commercially grown species of coffee?
- Liberica and Barako
- Robusta and Stenophylla
- Arabica and robusta (correct)
- None of the above
Which country is primarily known for the production of robusta coffee?
Which country is primarily known for the production of robusta coffee?
- Brazil (correct)
- Ethiopia
- Colombia
- Mexico
What process is NOT involved in coffee preparation?
What process is NOT involved in coffee preparation?
- Fermenting the seeds
- Roasting the seeds
- Washing the seeds
- Crushing the seeds (correct)
What factor influences the final flavor of coffee?
What factor influences the final flavor of coffee?
In which year was coffee first introduced to Europe?
In which year was coffee first introduced to Europe?
Which region is considered the native habitat for arabica coffee?
Which region is considered the native habitat for arabica coffee?
Which of the following beverages does NOT contain caffeine or theobromine?
Which of the following beverages does NOT contain caffeine or theobromine?
What is the initial annual harvest average for coffee berries per plant?
What is the initial annual harvest average for coffee berries per plant?
What was the primary location of coffee cultivation before the Dutch introduced it to Java?
What was the primary location of coffee cultivation before the Dutch introduced it to Java?
Which climate conditions are optimal for tea cultivation?
Which climate conditions are optimal for tea cultivation?
What processing method is used for black tea after the leaves are dried?
What processing method is used for black tea after the leaves are dried?
Which of the following is NOT a major producer of tea?
Which of the following is NOT a major producer of tea?
What significant change occurs during the fermentation of cocoa beans?
What significant change occurs during the fermentation of cocoa beans?
When did tea become the 'national drink' of England?
When did tea become the 'national drink' of England?
What is the main active stimulant found in cocoa?
What is the main active stimulant found in cocoa?
What temperature is used for roasting cacao beans during processing?
What temperature is used for roasting cacao beans during processing?
What distinguishes green tea from black tea in terms of processing?
What distinguishes green tea from black tea in terms of processing?
Which country was the first to introduce cocoa to Europe?
Which country was the first to introduce cocoa to Europe?
Which type of chocolate contains no cocoa solids?
Which type of chocolate contains no cocoa solids?
Which two countries are the largest producers of cocoa today?
Which two countries are the largest producers of cocoa today?
Which of the following tea types is primarily produced in China and Japan?
Which of the following tea types is primarily produced in China and Japan?
What is the main reason for chocolate's lack of popularity until the mid-1800s?
What is the main reason for chocolate's lack of popularity until the mid-1800s?
Which type of coffee is known for its superior flavor and higher quality?
Which type of coffee is known for its superior flavor and higher quality?
What is the average annual harvest of coffee berries per plant?
What is the average annual harvest of coffee berries per plant?
Which coffee species is primarily used in instant coffee and less expensive blends?
Which coffee species is primarily used in instant coffee and less expensive blends?
Which factors can influence the flavor of coffee?
Which factors can influence the flavor of coffee?
Which country is known for being the largest producer of robusta coffee?
Which country is known for being the largest producer of robusta coffee?
What processing step involves removing defects from fresh coffee berries?
What processing step involves removing defects from fresh coffee berries?
In which year did coffee first make its way to England?
In which year did coffee first make its way to England?
Which of the following regions is primarily associated with the growth of arabica coffee?
Which of the following regions is primarily associated with the growth of arabica coffee?
What was the original purpose of Lloyd's of London when it began in 1690?
What was the original purpose of Lloyd's of London when it began in 1690?
Which countries were primarily involved in introducing coffee to different regions?
Which countries were primarily involved in introducing coffee to different regions?
What temperature is considered optimal for tea cultivation?
What temperature is considered optimal for tea cultivation?
What is the main reason green tea has a lighter flavor compared to black tea?
What is the main reason green tea has a lighter flavor compared to black tea?
Which of the following processes is used to produce black tea?
Which of the following processes is used to produce black tea?
Which plant is considered the native source of cocoa?
Which plant is considered the native source of cocoa?
What is the primary process to reduce bitterness in cocoa during chocolate production?
What is the primary process to reduce bitterness in cocoa during chocolate production?
What type of tea is primarily produced in China and Japan?
What type of tea is primarily produced in China and Japan?
Which type of chocolate contains cocoa butter but no cocoa solids?
Which type of chocolate contains cocoa butter but no cocoa solids?
What significant cultural role did cocoa play in Mayan and Aztec societies?
What significant cultural role did cocoa play in Mayan and Aztec societies?
Which invention in the 1800s significantly improved chocolate production?
Which invention in the 1800s significantly improved chocolate production?
Which beverage became popular among the British aristocracy by 1690?
Which beverage became popular among the British aristocracy by 1690?
What role did the British East India Company play in the tea trade?
What role did the British East India Company play in the tea trade?
What is the main climate condition necessary for the successful growth of tea?
What is the main climate condition necessary for the successful growth of tea?
Flashcards
Caffeine in beverages
Caffeine in beverages
Caffeine is a stimulant alkaloid found in beverages like coffee, tea, and cocoa; theobromine is a similar stimulant in cocoa.
Coffee species
Coffee species
Arabica (Coffea arabica) and Robusta (C.canephora) are the two commercially grown coffee types.
Coffee origin
Coffee origin
Arabica coffee originally comes from Ethiopia's highlands; Robusta from West-Central Africa.
Coffee beans processing
Coffee beans processing
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Coffee growing areas
Coffee growing areas
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Coffee flavor factors
Coffee flavor factors
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Coffee introduction to Europe
Coffee introduction to Europe
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Coffee house growth
Coffee house growth
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Coffee's global spread (by regions)
Coffee's global spread (by regions)
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Coffee's widespread cultivation time
Coffee's widespread cultivation time
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Tea's geographic origin
Tea's geographic origin
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Processing Black Tea
Processing Black Tea
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Processing Green Tea
Processing Green Tea
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Tea's popularity in England
Tea's popularity in England
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Cocoa's native region
Cocoa's native region
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Cocoa Processing Stages
Cocoa Processing Stages
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Chocolate's improvement
Chocolate's improvement
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Dark chocolate percentage
Dark chocolate percentage
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Cocoa's historical significance
Cocoa's historical significance
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Initial Cocoa Popularity
Initial Cocoa Popularity
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What are the key stimulants in caffeinated beverages?
What are the key stimulants in caffeinated beverages?
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How do caffeinated beverages affect the body?
How do caffeinated beverages affect the body?
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Where do the coffee species originate?
Where do the coffee species originate?
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What are the stages of coffee processing?
What are the stages of coffee processing?
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Major coffee-producing regions
Major coffee-producing regions
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What factors influence coffee flavor?
What factors influence coffee flavor?
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How did coffee spread to Europe?
How did coffee spread to Europe?
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Lloyd's of London's origin
Lloyd's of London's origin
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Early coffee source
Early coffee source
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Coffee introduction to the Americas
Coffee introduction to the Americas
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Coffee's Caribbean spread
Coffee's Caribbean spread
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Tea's origin
Tea's origin
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Tea's growth conditions
Tea's growth conditions
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Tea's flavor components
Tea's flavor components
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Black tea processing
Black tea processing
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Green tea processing
Green tea processing
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Cocoa bean's location
Cocoa bean's location
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Cocoa bean's processing
Cocoa bean's processing
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Chocolate types
Chocolate types
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Study Notes
Caffeinated Beverages
- Several plant-derived beverages contain caffeine or theobromine, stimulants that affect metabolism, heart rate, stomach acidity, and metabolic rates.
- Economically important caffeinated beverages include coffee, tea, and cocoa. Cola, maté, and guarana are also popular, particularly in South America.
Coffee (Coffea arabica and C. canephora)
- Two main species: Arabica and Robusta.
- Arabica coffee, known for superior flavor, is native to Ethiopia, grown extensively in South/Central America, Southeast Asia, and East Africa (Ethiopia, Kenya).
- Robusta coffee, more bitter and less flavorful, is native to west-central Africa, mainly used in instant coffee and blends. Grown in Central Africa, Brazil, and Southeast Asia (especially Vietnam).
- Major producers include Brazil, Vietnam, Colombia, and Indonesia. Central America (Mexico, Guatemala, Honduras) and Africa (Ethiopia, Uganda) also contribute.
- Flavor affected by variety, growing conditions, and processing.
- Processing involves removing defects from berries, removing pulp, fermenting seeds, washing, drying, roasting, and blending.
- First recorded use in the Arabian Peninsula. Venetian merchants introduced coffee to Europe in 1615.
- Coffee became popular across Europe, spreading to France (1640), England (1650), and widespread by the 1700s (London).
- Coffee was initially obtained from Mocha, Yemen, but later from Java (Dutch) and Surinam.
- Introduced to the Caribbean by the French and British (Martinique, Jamaica).
Tea (Camellia sinensis)
- Native to northern India and southern China.
- A medium-sized shrub, pruned for easier harvesting.
- Thrives in tropical to subtropical climates with ample rainfall, stable temperatures around 20°C, and well-drained, slightly acidic soils.
- Largely grown in subtropical mountainous regions. Major producers include China, India, Kenya, and Sri Lanka.
- Flavor comes from caffeine, essential oils, and tannins.
- Best quality from smallest leaves and buds.
- Two main types: black and green tea.
- Black Tea (India, Sri Lanka):
- Young leaves are dried for one day.
- Leaves are shredded.
- Oxidation continues until coppery-brown.
- Dried for final product.
- Green Tea (China, Japan):
- Leaves are partially shredded.
- Quickly dried to minimize oxidation.
- Light flavor, grassy aroma.
- Tea was in use in China for over 3,000 years, Japan for 1,500 years.
- Portuguese discovered tea in 1557, and it reached Europe in the early 1600s (Dutch East India Company).
- Tea became England's national drink by 1750.
- British established tea plantations in India in mid-1800s.
Cocoa or Chocolate (Theobroma cacao)
- Native to South American rainforests.
- Thrives in high humidity, stable temperatures, and rich soil.
- Several varieties: criollo, forastero, trinitario.
- Primarily grown in tropical West Africa (Côte d'Ivoire, Ghana), with some production in Indonesia and South America (Brazil, Ecuador).
- Seeds surrounded by sweetish pulp, contained in a pod-like fruit (actually a berry).
- Stimulant is theobromine.
- Processing for Cocoa:
- Harvest fruit; remove beans.
- Ferment pulp for a few days to yield a sticky brown color.
- Dry beans on racks.
- Ship beans for processing in North America/Europe.
- Roast beans.
- Grind into cocoa liquor.
- Remove cocoa butter to produce cocoa press cake.
- Powder and treat cake with alkali ("Dutching").
- Combine cocoa with added cocoa butter, emulsifiers, and sugar (to reduce bitterness) for various chocolate products (dark, milk, white).
- Inexpensive chocolate may have low cocoa content (5-10%).
- Mayan and Aztec civilizations used cocoa in ceremonies.
- Introduced to Europe by Spanish in 1550, initially popular in Europe by the 1650s.
- Popularity increased in the 1800s, revolutionized by the Dutch's method of separating cocoa butter (van Houten).
Cola or Kola Nut (Cola nitida)
- Large understory shrub native to tropical Africa.
- Closely related to cocoa.
- Produces fruit with seeds that contain caffeine.
- Seeds are chewed in West Africa (Nigeria, especially) for stimulation.
- Caffeine and flavour extracted to make cola syrups.
- Major production areas include Nigeria, Ghana, and Côte d'Ivoire.
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Description
Explore the world of caffeinated beverages including coffee, tea, and cocoa. Learn about the different species of coffee plants, their origins, and major producing countries. This quiz delves into the economic significance and flavor profiles of these popular drinks.
