Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is a major advantage of industrial CAD-CAM systems compared to chairside systems?
What is a major advantage of industrial CAD-CAM systems compared to chairside systems?
Which statement correctly describes the press-on metal (POM) method?
Which statement correctly describes the press-on metal (POM) method?
In which state can zirconia ceramics be milled during the CAD-CAM process?
In which state can zirconia ceramics be milled during the CAD-CAM process?
Which step is necessary to account for during the milling process of ceramics?
Which step is necessary to account for during the milling process of ceramics?
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What is the function of the carbide burs in working with layered zirconia prostheses?
What is the function of the carbide burs in working with layered zirconia prostheses?
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What is primarily used to achieve precise dimensions of fully sintered ceramics?
What is primarily used to achieve precise dimensions of fully sintered ceramics?
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Which general characteristic is associated with chairside CAD-CAM systems?
Which general characteristic is associated with chairside CAD-CAM systems?
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What is required for a typical CAD-CAM process involving partially sintered blanks?
What is required for a typical CAD-CAM process involving partially sintered blanks?
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What additional processing is generally required for the external surface of ceramic prostheses?
What additional processing is generally required for the external surface of ceramic prostheses?
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Which method allows for the creation of bilayer structures using CAD-CAM technology?
Which method allows for the creation of bilayer structures using CAD-CAM technology?
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What is the first step to take after completing machining of the framework?
What is the first step to take after completing machining of the framework?
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Which tool is used to cut the framework from the blank?
Which tool is used to cut the framework from the blank?
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What is necessary to evaluate after the framework has cooled?
What is necessary to evaluate after the framework has cooled?
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After sintering, which method is used for minor adjustments to the framework?
After sintering, which method is used for minor adjustments to the framework?
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Which of the following may be required prior to applying a veneering ceramic?
Which of the following may be required prior to applying a veneering ceramic?
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What advancement has significantly improved the quality of CAD-CAM systems since the 1980s?
What advancement has significantly improved the quality of CAD-CAM systems since the 1980s?
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What is considered the weak link in all-ceramic prostheses?
What is considered the weak link in all-ceramic prostheses?
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Which CAD-CAM system has allowed more dentists to fabricate their own ceramic prostheses?
Which CAD-CAM system has allowed more dentists to fabricate their own ceramic prostheses?
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What is the ultimate goal of chairside milling in CAD-CAM processing?
What is the ultimate goal of chairside milling in CAD-CAM processing?
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What type of ceramics are dentists able to fabricate using the gained experience from the Cerec system?
What type of ceramics are dentists able to fabricate using the gained experience from the Cerec system?
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Study Notes
CAD-CAM Processing of Ceramics
- CAD-CAM systems enable milling of metals, composites, and ceramics.
- Ceramic prostheses can be monolithic (e.g., lithia disilicate glass-ceramic, zirconia) or bilayer (milled copings layered, hot-pressed, or fused veneer).
- Press-on metal (POM) method uses ceramic veneer on metal.
- Processing methods include industrial (expensive, high accuracy) and chairside (limited speed, smaller cases).
- Layered zirconia can be made from partially sintered ceramics, shaped to compensate for shrinkage.
- Fully sintered ceramics are shaped with diamond disks/burs to precise dimensions.
- External surfaces often need manual grinding/polishing.
- Ceramics can be milled in green, partially sintered, or fully sintered states.
Manufacturing Procedure (Partially Sintered Blanks)
- Place blank in milling machine holder, adjusting enlargement factor for sintering shrinkage (size dependent).
- Insert appropriate milling tool.
- Remove framework and residual blank.
- Cut framework from blank (diamond disc).
- Clean and dry partially sintered framework.
- Sinter in isothermal hot zone, following product-specific instructions.
- Inspect for surface/subsurface flaws, evaluate wall thickness, seating, fit (fiberoptic transillumination).
- Minor adjustments with water-cooled diamond tool.
- Rinse and dry.
- Add veneering ceramic, or use without veneering, potentially with a transitional liner.
Chairside Milling
- Chairside milling is the desired future of CAD-CAM.
- Dentists can fabricate inlays, onlays, and crowns from leucite, lithia-disilicate.
- Materials like VITABLOCS TriLuxe Forte (gradable translucency/color) allow single-unit fabrication without veneer layering.
Limitations and Future of CAD-CAM
- Veneering ceramics have relatively low fracture resistance.
- CAD-CAM system quality and precision have greatly improved since the 1980s.
- Lab-operated systems are expected to continue supporting crown/bridge needs into the future.
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Description
This quiz covers the CAD-CAM processing techniques for ceramics, including the manufacturing of ceramic prostheses and the various methods used for milling. Learn about the differences between monolithic and bilayer ceramics, as well as the procedures for using partially sintered blanks. Get ready to test your knowledge in this specialized field of dental materials.
