C++ Program Components and Math Functions
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Questions and Answers

What are the building blocks of a C++ program?

  • Modules (correct)
  • Methods
  • Functions and Classes (correct)
  • Components

    • What does the function sqrt do?

    The sqrt function calculates the square root of its input argument.

    What is the purpose of the ceil() function in C++?

  • Rounds a number to the smallest integer not greater than the input.
  • Calculates the trigonometric cosine of the input.
  • Calculates the absolute value of the input.
  • Rounds a number to the largest integer not less than the input. (correct)

    • Functions are used to ______ a program.

    <p>modularize</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a function prototype in C++?

    <p>To inform the compiler about the function's arguments and return type. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Function definitions can be written inside other functions.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the return keyword in a function definition?

    <p>The <code>return</code> keyword is used to send a value back to the part of the program that called the function. If there is no value to return, use <code>return;</code>.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of a function call?

    <p>A function call executes the code within the function's definition and potentially receives data back.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of header files in C++?

    <p>Header files provide function prototypes, data type definitions, and constants that are needed by multiple parts of the program.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The rand() function in C++ generates truly random numbers.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an enumeration in C++?

    <p>An enumeration defines a set of named integer constants that make code more readable and understandable.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Enumeration constants can have preset values in C++.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are the attributes that variables in C++ possess?

    <p>Variables in C++ have attributes such as name, type, size, value, storage class, scope, and linkage.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the static keyword when applied to a local variable in a function?

    <p>The variable retains its value between function calls. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the extern keyword in C++?

    <p>To define a global variable, making it accessible to other parts of the program. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of these is NOT a valid storage class in C++?

    <p>global (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between file scope and function scope in C++?

    <p>File scope is for variables declared outside a function, and function scope is for variables declared inside a function. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    A reference cannot be reassigned to a different variable once it is initialized.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the difference between pass-by-value and pass-by-reference in C++ functions?

    <p>Pass-by-value creates a copy of the argument, while pass-by-reference passes a direct reference to the original argument. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recursive function in C++?

    <p>A recursive function is a function that calls itself within its own definition.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Recursion is always the most efficient approach to solving problems in programming.

    <p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the inline keyword in C++?

    <p>To suggest that the compiler should insert the function's code directly into the calling code, reducing function call overhead. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Function overloading allows functions with the same name but different arguments to exist within the same program.

    <p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of function templates in C++?

    <p>Function templates are used to create generic functions that can work with different data types without requiring separate definitions for each data type.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of the unary scope resolution operator (::) in C++?

    <p>It is used to access a global variable when there is a local variable with the same name. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Program Components in C++

    • Divide and conquer: construct programs from smaller components (modules) for easier management.
    • Modules: functions and classes.
    • Pre-packaged modules from standard libraries, and programmer-defined functions and classes.
    • Functions invoked by function calls, requiring function name and needed information (arguments).
    • Function definitions are written once.
    • Functions are hidden from other functions.

    Math Library Functions

    • Used for common mathematical calculations.
    • Include the <cmath> header file.
    • Called by writing functionName (argument) or functionName(argument1, argument2, ...);
    • Examples: cout << sqrt( 900.0 ); (square root) prints 30.
    • All math library functions return a double.

    Function Arguments

    • Can be constants (sqrt(4)), variables (sqrt(x)), or expressions (sqrt(sqrt(x))).

    Function Prototypes

    • Function prototype contains function name, parameters, and return type.
    • Needed if function definition appears after function call.
    • Prototype must match function definition.
    • Example: double maximum ( double, double, double );

    Header Files

    • Contain function prototypes, data types, and constants.
    • Typically end with .h (e.g., <cmath>).
    • Programmer can create custom header files.

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    Related Documents

    Functions (2) - Lecture 1 & 2 - PDF

    Description

    This quiz covers the essential components of C++ programming, focusing on the use of modules, function definitions, and invoking math library functions. Explore the structure of functions, their arguments, and how to properly utilize the <cmath> library. Test your understanding of these concepts in C++ programming.

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