C++ Object Oriented Programming Exam

Object Oriented Programming Using C++ Examination

Part A

• Structured programming is a programming paradigm that emphasizes on dividing a program into small, manageable tasks or functions.
• In the code a=5; b=++a;, the value of a will be 6 and the value of b will be 6.
• Ordinary functions are independent functions that can be called by any part of the program, whereas member functions are part of a class and can access class members.
• Memory allocation of class data members is done when an object of the class is created, and member functions are allocated memory when they are called.
• A friend class is a class that can access the private and protected members of another class.
• The general form of defining a constructor in a derived class is DerivedClass::DerivedClass(parameters) : BaseClass(parameters) {}.
• Constructor overloading is when multiple constructors with different parameters are defined in a class.
• The syntax for defining a derived class in inheritance is class DerivedClass : access-specifier BaseClass { ... };.
• An abstract class is a class that cannot be instantiated and is used as a base class for other classes.
• A pure virtual function is a function that must be implemented by any derived class.
• A file stream is a class that provides input/output operations on files.
• There are two types of file pointers: get pointer and put pointer.

Part B

Advantage of Reference Variable

• Reference variables provide an alias for a variable, allowing multiple names for the same memory location.

Inline Function

• An inline function is a function that is expanded in-line at compile-time, reducing function call overhead.

Static Data Members and Static Member Function

• Static data members are shared by all objects of a class, and static member functions can access static data members.

Destructor

• A destructor is a special member function that is called when an object is destroyed, used for memory deallocation.

Overloading Binary Operator Using Friend Function

• A program can be written to overload a binary operator using a friend function, allowing operators to be used with objects of a class.

Multi-Level Inheritance

• Multi-level inheritance is when a derived class inherits from another derived class.

Constructors in Derived Class

• Constructors in a derived class are used to initialize objects of the derived class.

Printing Address of an Object Using This Pointer

• The this pointer can be used to print the address of an object.

Unformatted I/O Operation

• Unformatted I/O operation is when input/output operations are performed without using formatted input/output functions.

Part C

Call by Reference and Call by Value

• Call by reference is when a function call passes a reference to the original variable, while call by value passes a copy of the variable.

Function Overloading

• Function overloading is when multiple functions with the same name can be defined with different parameters.

Array of Objects

• An array of objects is an array that holds objects of a class.

Difference Between Overloading an Operator Using Member Function and Friend Function

• Overloading an operator using a member function is when the operator is defined as a member function of the class, while using a friend function is when the operator is defined as a friend function of the class.

Inheritance and Passing Parameters to Base Class Constructors

• Inheritance is when a derived class inherits properties and behavior from a base class, and parameters can be passed to base class constructors using the : operator.