Questions and Answers
Which of the following are structural organizational changes enabled by IT? (Select all that apply)
What is automation?
Increases efficiency and replaces manual tasks.
What does rationalization of procedures do?
Streamlines standard operating procedures.
What is the goal of business process redesign?
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What are paradigm shifts?
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What is business process management (BPM)?
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The steps in BPM are: identify processes for change, analyze existing processes, design the new process, implement the new process, and ______.
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BPM tools are used to:
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What is systems development?
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What is systems analysis?
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What is the role of systems design?
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What does programming involve?
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What is the purpose of testing in systems development?
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What is unit testing?
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What does system testing do?
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What is acceptance testing?
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What are the four main strategies for conversions?
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What does production and maintenance involve?
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What are structured methodologies?
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What is a Data Flow Diagram?
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What does a data dictionary define?
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What do process specifications describe?
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What is a structure chart?
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What is object-oriented development?
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Study Notes
Structural Organizational Changes Enabled by IT
- Types include automation, rationalization of procedures, business process redesign, and paradigm shifts.
Automation
- Increases operational efficiency by replacing manual tasks.
Rationalization of Procedures
- Streamlines and optimizes standard operating procedures.
- Often incorporated in continuous quality improvement initiatives.
Business Process Redesign
- Involves analyzing, simplifying, and reorganizing business processes.
- Focuses on workflow optimization, combination of steps, and elimination of redundancies.
Paradigm Shifts
- Rethinks the fundamental nature of business.
- Aims to define new business models and alter organizational structures.
Business Process Management (BPM)
- Encompasses tools and methodologies for analyzing, designing, and optimizing business processes.
Steps in BPM
- Identify processes needing change.
- Analyze current processes.
- Design the improved processes.
- Implement the new processes.
- Continuously measure performance post-implementation.
BPM Tools Functionality
- Document existing processes and create models for improvements.
- Enforce business rules and integrate systems for enhanced process support.
- Verify the effectiveness of new processes and assess their impact on business performance indicators.
Systems Development
- Involves activities aimed at creating information system solutions.
- Key activities include systems analysis, design, programming, testing, conversion, and maintenance.
Systems Analysis
- Focuses on defining the problem that the new system addresses.
- Incorporates a feasibility study and establishes information requirements, with poor analysis identified as a leading cause of system failure.
Systems Design
- Details specifications necessary to fulfill functions determined in analysis.
- Considers managerial, organizational, and technological components.
Programming
- Translates system specifications into executable software code.
Testing
- Ensures system accuracy through various testing phases: unit testing, system testing, and acceptance testing.
Unit Testing
- Tests each program individually to confirm correct functionality.
System Testing
- Assesses the overall functioning of the complete system.
Acceptance Testing
- Validates system readiness for production use.
Conversions
- Process of transitioning from an old to a new system utilizing strategies like parallel strategy, direct cutover, pilot study, or phased approach.
- Requires user training and detailed documentation for functionality understanding.
Production and Maintenance
- Involves ongoing review and possible revisions to the system.
- Maintenance includes updates to hardware, software, documentation, or procedures for error correction and efficiency improvement.
Structured Methodologies
- Characterized by step-by-step techniques with a focus on process orientation.
- Distinguishes between data and processes.
Data Flow Diagram
- Represents system processes and data flow.
- Serves as a logical model displaying information transitions, can include multiple detail levels.
Data Dictionary
- Defines contents of data flows and stores within the system.
Process Specifications
- Describe transformations at the lowest levels of data flow diagrams.
Structure Chart
- Offers a top-down view of design structure, showing interrelations and hierarchy of levels.
Object-Oriented Development
- Centered around objects as primary analytic and design units.
- Features concepts of class and inheritance, promoting more iterative and incremental development compared to traditional methods.
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Description
This quiz explores the structural organizational changes enabled by information technology, focusing on automation, rationalization of procedures, business process redesign, and paradigm shifts. Learn about the steps in business process management (BPM) and how these strategies can optimize operational efficiency.